专业英语：题库练习

已整理本章知识点练习 80 条来源题目，共 80 道练习。题号沿用来源序号；同材料的不同小问分别保留。

题干保留事实条件、选项与必要题图；平台答案、整理解析与纠错默认收起。解析重新归纳为复习笔记，平台答案不等同于官方答案。

题库整理进度 · 历年试卷清单

知识点练习

题目 001

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 1 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Cloud computing may involve many computers（1）through a live network such as the Internet. Here the term is used as a（2）for distributed computing and describes the（3）to execute a program on many networked machines at once.

One model has infrastructure, platform, and application layers. Infrastructure virtualizes computing, storage and networking; the platform provides reusable software resources; SaaS needs a collection of software modules. Infrastructure serves as the（4）for building the platform, which in turn supports the（5）layer for SaaS.

Answer blank 1.

• A. connected

• B. imlemented

• C. optimized

• D. Virtualized

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，connected。computers与connect构成被动关系，过去分词短语说明这些计算机通过网络相连，可理解为computers that are connected。语意是“通过互联网等实时通信网络连接的许多计算机”。源B写作imlemented，疑为implemented的拼写错误；题面保留原写法。virtualized表示虚拟化，并不直接表达through a network所要求的连接关系。

题目 002

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 2 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Cloud computing may involve many computers（1）through a live network such as the Internet. Here the term is used as a（2）for distributed computing and describes the（3）to execute a program on many networked machines at once.

One model has infrastructure, platform, and application layers. Infrastructure virtualizes computing, storage and networking; the platform provides reusable software resources; SaaS needs a collection of software modules. Infrastructure serves as the（4）for building the platform, which in turn supports the（5）layer for SaaS.

Answer blank 2.

• A. replacement

• B. switch

• C. substitute

• D. synonym

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，synonym，意为“同义词”；synonym for表示某词语的同义称呼。这里讨论术语之间的对应，而非以一种技术替换另一种技术，所以replacement、substitute不合本文意图。原D自带的中文注“同义词”保留在本折叠内，题面只展示原英文选项。技术上，云计算并不是分布式计算的严格同义词：云服务还强调按需使用、资源池化和弹性等特征，原材料的等同说法过度简化。

题目 003

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 3 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Cloud computing may involve many computers（1）through a live network such as the Internet. Here the term is used as a（2）for distributed computing and describes the（3）to execute a program on many networked machines at once.

One model has infrastructure, platform, and application layers. Infrastructure virtualizes computing, storage and networking; the platform provides reusable software resources; SaaS needs a collection of software modules. Infrastructure serves as the（4）for building the platform, which in turn supports the（5）layer for SaaS.

Answer blank 3.

• A. ability

• B. applroach

• C. function

• D. method

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，ability。the ability to do something是“做某事的能力”，这里指让程序同时在多台联网计算机上运行的能力。method通常搭配of/for doing，approach通常搭配to doing；它们也不能表达本句所强调的能力。源B拼成applroach，题面保留，按上下文疑指approach。

题目 004

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 4 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Cloud computing may involve many computers（1）through a live network such as the Internet. Here the term is used as a（2）for distributed computing and describes the（3）to execute a program on many networked machines at once.

One model has infrastructure, platform, and application layers. Infrastructure virtualizes computing, storage and networking; the platform provides reusable software resources; SaaS needs a collection of software modules. Infrastructure serves as the（4）for building the platform, which in turn supports the（5）layer for SaaS.

Answer blank 4.

• A. network

• B. foundation

• C. software

• D. hardware

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，foundation，意为“基础”。serve as the foundation for building...表示“作为构建……的基础”：基础设施层支撑平台层，故空格要表达层与层的支撑关系，而不只是其中某项网络、软件或硬件资源。原材料的in turn在这里表示“进而、接着”，平台译成“相反”不符合上下文。

题目 005

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 5 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Cloud computing may involve many computers（1）through a live network such as the Internet. Here the term is used as a（2）for distributed computing and describes the（3）to execute a program on many networked machines at once.

One model has infrastructure, platform, and application layers. Infrastructure virtualizes computing, storage and networking; the platform provides reusable software resources; SaaS needs a collection of software modules. Infrastructure serves as the（4）for building the platform, which in turn supports the（5）layer for SaaS.

Answer blank 5.

• A. resoruce

• B. service

• C. application

• D. software

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，application。材料先给出infrastructure、platform、application三层，再说明平台支撑面向SaaS的软件模块，空格对应应用层。SaaS是Software as a Service，即软件即服务。源A为resoruce，疑为resource的字母次序错误，题面仍保留原拼写。

题目 006

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 6 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Individuals can build some small hardware or software products. However, the size and complexity of modem systems, together with short deadlines, make it no longer（6）for one person to do most engineering work. Systems development is a team（7）; team effectiveness largely determines the（8）of the engineering.

Development resembles baseball or basketball: despite different specialties, allthe members work toward（9）. Maintenance and enhancement resemble wrestling or track, with engineers working more independently. A team is（10）just people working together: practice, special skills, shared procedures, agreed goals and effective leadership are also needed. Guidance methods are known, but not self-evident.

Answer blank 6.

• A. convenient

• B. existing

• C. practical

• D. real

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，practical，表示“切实可行的”。系统规模大、复杂且期限短，结论是一个人承担大多数工程工作不再可行，而不只是convenient所说的“不方便”。it is practical for someone to do something是常见结构。源文保留modem，按语境疑为modern（现代的），而modem本身是“调制解调器”；allthe也保持源写法，其意应为all the。

题目 007

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 7 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Individuals can build some small hardware or software products. However, the size and complexity of modem systems, together with short deadlines, make it no longer（6）for one person to do most engineering work. Systems development is a team（7）; team effectiveness largely determines the（8）of the engineering.

Development resembles baseball or basketball: despite different specialties, allthe members work toward（9）. Maintenance and enhancement resemble wrestling or track, with engineers working more independently. A team is（10）just people working together: practice, special skills, shared procedures, agreed goals and effective leadership are also needed. Guidance methods are known, but not self-evident.

Answer blank 7.

• A. activity

• B. job

• C. process

• D. application

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

平台选 A，activity。team activity表示团队共同参与的活动，与前文“大多数工程需要多人协作”、后文团队练习和技能相呼应。job偏重工作或任务，process偏重过程，application通常指应用或应用程序。本题属于语境中的选词偏好；job、process并非在任何英语句子中都不能与team搭配，不能伪造绝对语法规则来排除。

题目 008

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 8 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Individuals can build some small hardware or software products. However, the size and complexity of modem systems, together with short deadlines, make it no longer（6）for one person to do most engineering work. Systems development is a team（7）; team effectiveness largely determines the（8）of the engineering.

Development resembles baseball or basketball: despite different specialties, allthe members work toward（9）. Maintenance and enhancement resemble wrestling or track, with engineers working more independently. A team is（10）just people working together: practice, special skills, shared procedures, agreed goals and effective leadership are also needed. Guidance methods are known, but not self-evident.

Answer blank 8.

• A. size

• B. quality

• C. scale

• D. complexity

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，quality。团队是否有效影响工程成果的质量；size、scale都强调大小或规模，complexity指复杂性，并非这里所说的协作成效。相关句意是“团队效能在很大程度上决定工程质量”。effectiveness侧重是否达到预期效果，不完全等同于以投入产出衡量的efficiency。

题目 009

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 9 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Individuals can build some small hardware or software products. However, the size and complexity of modem systems, together with short deadlines, make it no longer（6）for one person to do most engineering work. Systems development is a team（7）; team effectiveness largely determines the（8）of the engineering.

Development resembles baseball or basketball: despite different specialties, allthe members work toward（9）. Maintenance and enhancement resemble wrestling or track, with engineers working more independently. A team is（10）just people working together: practice, special skills, shared procedures, agreed goals and effective leadership are also needed. Guidance methods are known, but not self-evident.

Answer blank 9.

• A. multiple objectives

• B. different objectives

• C. a single objective

• D. independent objectives

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，a single objective，表示“一个共同目标”。棒球或篮球队员虽各有专长，却为同一比赛目标协作；后面以维护和增强任务中较独立的工作方式作对照，不能据different specialties推成不同目标。原平台译文把enhancement写成“挣钱”有误，这里指系统增强或改进。

题目 010

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 10 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Individuals can build some small hardware or software products. However, the size and complexity of modem systems, together with short deadlines, make it no longer（6）for one person to do most engineering work. Systems development is a team（7）; team effectiveness largely determines the（8）of the engineering.

Development resembles baseball or basketball: despite different specialties, allthe members work toward（9）. Maintenance and enhancement resemble wrestling or track, with engineers working more independently. A team is（10）just people working together: practice, special skills, shared procedures, agreed goals and effective leadership are also needed. Guidance methods are known, but not self-evident.

Answer blank 10.

• A. relatively

• B. /

• C. only

• D. more than

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，more than。more than just...表示“不仅仅是……”。后文增加了练习、专门技能、共同过程、目标及领导要求，说明团队不只是碰巧一起工作的人群。only表达“仅仅”，方向与下文相反；relatively表示“相对地”，不合此处结构。B原选项只有符号/，按源保留，不擅自补写成英文词。

题目 011

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 11 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Writing decisions reveals gaps, and the（11）protrude. Making hundreds of small choices in writing helps separate precise policies from vague ones. Documents communicate decisions that team members might otherwise miss. To keep everyone moving in the（12）directon, a manager must communicate continually; written records can（13）this load.

The documents also form a manager,s database and checklist. Reviewing them（14）shows progress and indicates when priorities or direction should change. A written plan specifies what, when, how much, where and who. This small set of documents（15）much of the manager's work and can be treated as a useful planning tool.

Answer blank 11.

• A. inconsistencies

• B. consistencies

• C. steadiness

• D. adaptability

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，inconsistencies，表示不一致或矛盾之处。写下决策会暴露遗漏与冲突，和gaps并列的是需要发现的问题，不是consistencies所指的一致性。复数名词也与protrude搭配；原文给protrude的中文词注“突出”保留在此折叠内。

题目 012

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 12 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Writing decisions reveals gaps, and the（11）protrude. Making hundreds of small choices in writing helps separate precise policies from vague ones. Documents communicate decisions that team members might otherwise miss. To keep everyone moving in the（12）directon, a manager must communicate continually; written records can（13）this load.

The documents also form a manager,s database and checklist. Reviewing them（14）shows progress and indicates when priorities or direction should change. A written plan specifies what, when, how much, where and who. This small set of documents（15）much of the manager's work and can be treated as a useful planning tool.

Answer blank 12.

• A. other

• B. different

• C. another

• D. same

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，same。in the same direction表示朝同一方向，符合经理让团队协调行动的目的。different或other使方向分散，another通常也不能直接放在the后组成这里的结构。源文directon疑为direction，题面保留原拼写。

题目 013

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 13 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Writing decisions reveals gaps, and the（11）protrude. Making hundreds of small choices in writing helps separate precise policies from vague ones. Documents communicate decisions that team members might otherwise miss. To keep everyone moving in the（12）directon, a manager must communicate continually; written records can（13）this load.

The documents also form a manager,s database and checklist. Reviewing them（14）shows progress and indicates when priorities or direction should change. A written plan specifies what, when, how much, where and who. This small set of documents（15）much of the manager's work and can be treated as a useful planning tool.

Answer blank 13.

• A. extend

• B. broaden

• C. lighten

• D. release

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，lighten。lighten the load是减轻负担，文档帮助传达决策，减轻反复口头沟通的工作量。extend和broaden强调延伸、拓宽；release常表示释放或解除，不能替代这里自然的“减轻负担”搭配。

题目 014

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 14 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Writing decisions reveals gaps, and the（11）protrude. Making hundreds of small choices in writing helps separate precise policies from vague ones. Documents communicate decisions that team members might otherwise miss. To keep everyone moving in the（12）directon, a manager must communicate continually; written records can（13）this load.

The documents also form a manager,s database and checklist. Reviewing them（14）shows progress and indicates when priorities or direction should change. A written plan specifies what, when, how much, where and who. This small set of documents（15）much of the manager's work and can be treated as a useful planning tool.

Answer blank 14.

• A. periodically

• B. occasionally

• C. infrequently

• D. rarely

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，periodically，表示定期地。经理借文档持续检查进展与方向，定期回顾最符合管理目的；occasionally表示偶尔，infrequently和rarely表示不经常。四项都是副词，选择依据是上下文，而不是其他三项词性不对。

题目 015

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 15 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Writing decisions reveals gaps, and the（11）protrude. Making hundreds of small choices in writing helps separate precise policies from vague ones. Documents communicate decisions that team members might otherwise miss. To keep everyone moving in the（12）directon, a manager must communicate continually; written records can（13）this load.

The documents also form a manager,s database and checklist. Reviewing them（14）shows progress and indicates when priorities or direction should change. A written plan specifies what, when, how much, where and who. This small set of documents（15）much of the manager's work and can be treated as a useful planning tool.

Answer blank 15.

• A. decides

• B. encapsulates

• C. realizes

• D. recognizes

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，encapsulates，表示概括、集中体现。少量关键文档归纳了经理工作的主要事项；主语中心词set为单数，谓语用第三人称单数。此处不必套用面向对象封装的技术定义。源文manager,s疑为所有格manager's，题面保留源写法。

题目 016

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 16 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Although learning another technique may seem burdensome, use cases help describe event sequences. With（16）declarative requirements, steps and their order are hard to express. Faced only with a collection of requirements, readers often find it（17）to understand what the authors intended.

Use cases specify when actions occur, under which conditions, and in what order. By contrast,（18）requirements methods emphasize declarations and 'shall' statements, failing to capture the（19）of system behavior. Stakeholders can follow the scenarios more easily. Yet useful techniques have risks: use cases can be（20）, leaving problems as serious as, or worse than, the original ones.

Answer blank 16.

• A. plenty

• B. loose

• C. extra

• D. strict

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

平台选 D，strict。在本文对照中，严格限于声明式需求，难以交代事件步骤和先后，用例则补充场景。plenty若修饰requirements通常需要of；其余词不能像strict那样突出原文所说的限制。技术上，这是对单列“shall”需求的概括，不能推成一切声明式或形式化规格都无法表达时序。

题目 017

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 17 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Although learning another technique may seem burdensome, use cases help describe event sequences. With（16）declarative requirements, steps and their order are hard to express. Faced only with a collection of requirements, readers often find it（17）to understand what the authors intended.

Use cases specify when actions occur, under which conditions, and in what order. By contrast,（18）requirements methods emphasize declarations and 'shall' statements, failing to capture the（19）of system behavior. Stakeholders can follow the scenarios more easily. Yet useful techniques have risks: use cases can be（20）, leaving problems as serious as, or worse than, the original ones.

Answer blank 17.

• A. impossible

• B. possible

• C. sensible

• D. practical

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，impossible。只有零散需求而缺少事件场景时，作者说往往无法理解编写者真正希望系统完成什么；it is impossible to do表示做某事不可能。possible与论证方向相反，sensible和practical分别强调明智、可行。平台译成“不太可能”弱化了impossible，这里宜按文意译为“往往无法弄清”。

题目 018

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 18 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Although learning another technique may seem burdensome, use cases help describe event sequences. With（16）declarative requirements, steps and their order are hard to express. Faced only with a collection of requirements, readers often find it（17）to understand what the authors intended.

Use cases specify when actions occur, under which conditions, and in what order. By contrast,（18）requirements methods emphasize declarations and 'shall' statements, failing to capture the（19）of system behavior. Stakeholders can follow the scenarios more easily. Yet useful techniques have risks: use cases can be（20）, leaving problems as serious as, or worse than, the original ones.

Answer blank 18.

• A. modern

• B. conventional

• C. different

• D. formal

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，conventional，表示传统的、常规的。此处与能够描述场景顺序的用例作对比，指侧重声明式需求和shall语句的传统获取方法。formal强调形式或规范，different只是不同，不能准确表达这里的传统做法。

题目 019

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 19 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Although learning another technique may seem burdensome, use cases help describe event sequences. With（16）declarative requirements, steps and their order are hard to express. Faced only with a collection of requirements, readers often find it（17）to understand what the authors intended.

Use cases specify when actions occur, under which conditions, and in what order. By contrast,（18）requirements methods emphasize declarations and 'shall' statements, failing to capture the（19）of system behavior. Stakeholders can follow the scenarios more easily. Yet useful techniques have risks: use cases can be（20）, leaving problems as serious as, or worse than, the original ones.

Answer blank 19.

• A. statics

• B. nature

• C. dynamics

• D. originals

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，dynamics，表示动态过程或动态特征。前文反复讨论行为何时发生、受什么条件影响及其顺序，因此缺少的是系统行为的动态方面。statics指静态方面，nature过于笼统。该词虽以s结尾，作为“动态特征”使用时不宜机械地按普通复数逐词翻译。

题目 020

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 20 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Although learning another technique may seem burdensome, use cases help describe event sequences. With（16）declarative requirements, steps and their order are hard to express. Faced only with a collection of requirements, readers often find it（17）to understand what the authors intended.

Use cases specify when actions occur, under which conditions, and in what order. By contrast,（18）requirements methods emphasize declarations and 'shall' statements, failing to capture the（19）of system behavior. Stakeholders can follow the scenarios more easily. Yet useful techniques have risks: use cases can be（20）, leaving problems as serious as, or worse than, the original ones.

Answer blank 20.

• A. misapplied

• B. applied

• C. used

• D. powerful

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，misapplied，表示被误用。use cases can be后可接过去分词构成被动表达，转折后又说可能产生更严重的问题，故需要负面的“误用”。applied、used只表示应用、使用，powerful表示强大，均不解释此处风险。源句把比较结构中的than写成that，原创改写避开该病句，不以它示范正确语法。

题目 021

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 21 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Access control restricts entry to places or use of resources; permission to access is authorization. A control mechanism（21）between a user, or a process acting for that user, and resources such as applications, operating systems, files, databases, routers and firewalls.

The passage first describes authentication as checking whether a user is（22）to enter the system. A later check considers the particular resource and requested operation. An administrator's authorization database records these permissions, and the control function consults it before deciding whether to（23）access. Auditing records access events.

Several（24）can share this work. Operating systems provide rudimentary or stronger controls; added security packages extend the operating system's（25）access-control capabilities. Applications, database tools and external firewalls can contribute controls too.

Answer blank 21.

• A. cooperates

• B. coordinates

• C. connects

• D. mediates

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，mediates。mediate between表示在两者之间起中介、调节作用；访问控制机制位于请求者与资源之间，检查是否放行。cooperates常与with连用，connects偏重连接，coordinates偏重协调。原文authorization的中文词注为“授权”，只在本折叠保留。

题目 022

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 22 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Access control restricts entry to places or use of resources; permission to access is authorization. A control mechanism（21）between a user, or a process acting for that user, and resources such as applications, operating systems, files, databases, routers and firewalls.

The passage first describes authentication as checking whether a user is（22）to enter the system. A later check considers the particular resource and requested operation. An administrator's authorization database records these permissions, and the control function consults it before deciding whether to（23）access. Auditing records access events.

Several（24）can share this work. Operating systems provide rudimentary or stronger controls; added security packages extend the operating system's（25）access-control capabilities. Applications, database tools and external firewalls can contribute controls too.

Answer blank 22.

• A. denied

• B. permitted

• C. prohibited

• D. rejected

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，permitted，形成be permitted to access，即被允许访问；其他三项都表示拒绝或禁止，不符合后续检查已获系统准入者具体权限的叙述。术语需区分：authenticate是认证、验证身份，authorization才决定权限。原材料把系统准入判断统称authentication，混合了认证与授权；选词答案保留，概念不照单全收。

题目 023

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 23 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Access control restricts entry to places or use of resources; permission to access is authorization. A control mechanism（21）between a user, or a process acting for that user, and resources such as applications, operating systems, files, databases, routers and firewalls.

The passage first describes authentication as checking whether a user is（22）to enter the system. A later check considers the particular resource and requested operation. An administrator's authorization database records these permissions, and the control function consults it before deciding whether to（23）access. Auditing records access events.

Several（24）can share this work. Operating systems provide rudimentary or stronger controls; added security packages extend the operating system's（25）access-control capabilities. Applications, database tools and external firewalls can contribute controls too.

Answer blank 23.

• A. open

• B. monitor

• C. grant

• D. seek

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，grant。grant access表示授予访问许可，正是访问控制函数查询权限数据库后作出的决定。seek access表示寻求访问，是请求方行为；monitor是监控，open通常用于打开对象，都不符合此处的许可决策。

题目 024

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 24 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Access control restricts entry to places or use of resources; permission to access is authorization. A control mechanism（21）between a user, or a process acting for that user, and resources such as applications, operating systems, files, databases, routers and firewalls.

The passage first describes authentication as checking whether a user is（22）to enter the system. A later check considers the particular resource and requested operation. An administrator's authorization database records these permissions, and the control function consults it before deciding whether to（23）access. Auditing records access events.

Several（24）can share this work. Operating systems provide rudimentary or stronger controls; added security packages extend the operating system's（25）access-control capabilities. Applications, database tools and external firewalls can contribute controls too.

Answer blank 24.

• A. components

• B. users

• C. mechanisms

• D. algorithms

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，components。后文列出操作系统控制模块、附加安全软件、应用程序和外部设备，这些不同组件可共同承担访问控制。users不是这里分担该功能的实现实体，algorithms范围过窄；mechanisms虽是安全领域常用词，本文随后具体列举的是组成系统的组件。

题目 025

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 25 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Access control restricts entry to places or use of resources; permission to access is authorization. A control mechanism（21）between a user, or a process acting for that user, and resources such as applications, operating systems, files, databases, routers and firewalls.

The passage first describes authentication as checking whether a user is（22）to enter the system. A later check considers the particular resource and requested operation. An administrator's authorization database records these permissions, and the control function consults it before deciding whether to（23）access. Auditing records access events.

Several（24）can share this work. Operating systems provide rudimentary or stronger controls; added security packages extend the operating system's（25）access-control capabilities. Applications, database tools and external firewalls can contribute controls too.

Answer blank 25.

• A. remote

• B. native

• C. controlled

• D. automated

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，native，指操作系统原生、自带的能力。附加软件是在既有控制能力之上扩展，并非变成remote所说的远程能力。原文rudimentary的词注“基本的”保留在解析中；native在这里强调内置来源，不只是运行地点在本地。

题目 026

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 26 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Unlike hardware, buildings or cars with repeated parts, software normally combines similar parts above the statement level into one（26）, open or closed. Digital computers already have many possible configurations, yet software has orders of magnitude more（27）. Enlarging a program adds different elements, whose interactions are often（28）; total complexity then grows faster than a linear increase.

The passage calls software complexity a(an)（29）property, not an accidental one. Removing it from a description may remove what matters most. For three centuries, mathematics and physics advanced through simplified models, derived results and experimental checks. This worked when the complexities（30）in those models were not central to the phenomena. Software's inherent complexity affects both technical work and management.

Answer blank 26.

• A. task

• B. job

• C. subroutine

• D. program

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，subroutine，即子程序。将重复或相似代码提取为一个可复用的子程序，正好解释软件中为何减少了重复部件。task、job偏重任务或作业，program指较完整的程序。open/closed是原文保留的历史性子程序表述，不应直接解释成开源或闭源软件。

题目 027

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 27 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Unlike hardware, buildings or cars with repeated parts, software normally combines similar parts above the statement level into one（26）, open or closed. Digital computers already have many possible configurations, yet software has orders of magnitude more（27）. Enlarging a program adds different elements, whose interactions are often（28）; total complexity then grows faster than a linear increase.

The passage calls software complexity a(an)（29）property, not an accidental one. Removing it from a description may remove what matters most. For three centuries, mathematics and physics advanced through simplified models, derived results and experimental checks. This worked when the complexities（30）in those models were not central to the phenomena. Software's inherent complexity affects both technical work and management.

Answer blank 27.

• A. states

• B. parts

• C. conditions

• D. expressions

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，states，指状态。上下文先说数字计算机可能处于许多状态，再比较软件系统的可能状态数量；orders of magnitude more表示多出若干数量级。parts、conditions、expressions分别是部分、条件、表达式，不是这个对照中的计数对象；原段是复杂性论述，不是给出所有系统皆适用的严格计数定理。

题目 028

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 28 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Unlike hardware, buildings or cars with repeated parts, software normally combines similar parts above the statement level into one（26）, open or closed. Digital computers already have many possible configurations, yet software has orders of magnitude more（27）. Enlarging a program adds different elements, whose interactions are often（28）; total complexity then grows faster than a linear increase.

The passage calls software complexity a(an)（29）property, not an accidental one. Removing it from a description may remove what matters most. For three centuries, mathematics and physics advanced through simplified models, derived results and experimental checks. This worked when the complexities（30）in those models were not central to the phenomena. Software's inherent complexity affects both technical work and management.

Answer blank 28.

• A. linear

• B. nonlinear

• C. parallel

• D. additive

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，nonlinear。原文指出不同元素相互作用，使整体复杂性增长明显快于按规模作线性增加，因此所需词是非线性的。parallel表示并行，additive表示相加，都不能准确表达这种相互作用。非线性也不等于已经证明必然按某个指数函数增长。

题目 029

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 29 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Unlike hardware, buildings or cars with repeated parts, software normally combines similar parts above the statement level into one（26）, open or closed. Digital computers already have many possible configurations, yet software has orders of magnitude more（27）. Enlarging a program adds different elements, whose interactions are often（28）; total complexity then grows faster than a linear increase.

The passage calls software complexity a(an)（29）property, not an accidental one. Removing it from a description may remove what matters most. For three centuries, mathematics and physics advanced through simplified models, derived results and experimental checks. This worked when the complexities（30）in those models were not central to the phenomena. Software's inherent complexity affects both technical work and management.

Answer blank 29.

• A. surface

• B. outside

• C. exterior

• D. essential

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，essential，即本质的、内在的，与not an accidental one直接对照。surface、outside、exterior均偏向表面或外部。abstract away在此指在抽象中略去；若略去的恰好是本质复杂性，也就丢掉核心内容，不能译成成功“抽象出其本质”。

题目 030

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 30 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Unlike hardware, buildings or cars with repeated parts, software normally combines similar parts above the statement level into one（26）, open or closed. Digital computers already have many possible configurations, yet software has orders of magnitude more（27）. Enlarging a program adds different elements, whose interactions are often（28）; total complexity then grows faster than a linear increase.

The passage calls software complexity a(an)（29）property, not an accidental one. Removing it from a description may remove what matters most. For three centuries, mathematics and physics advanced through simplified models, derived results and experimental checks. This worked when the complexities（30）in those models were not central to the phenomena. Software's inherent complexity affects both technical work and management.

Answer blank 30.

• A. fixed

• B. included

• C. ignored

• D. stabilized

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，ignored。简化模型能奏效的条件是模型所忽略的复杂因素不是现象的核心性质。complexities与ignore之间是被动关系，过去分词作后置修饰。included反而表示纳入，fixed和stabilized强调固定、稳定，无法解释“通过简化仍保留本质”的论证。

题目 031

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 31 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Software can appeal through its functions, design and teamwork. Users value suitable features with an intuitive and（31）interface. Designers value understandable structure and low coupling; managers value motivated teams making weekly progress and producing defect-free code.

Fifty years ago, software ran on a few expensive machines; thirty years ago, it was widespread in business and industry. It now runs in phones, watches, appliances, cars, toys and tools. Demand for better software never（32）. As developing countries build infrastructure and developed countries seek efficiency, that demand（33）to increase.

Awkward interfaces, crashes and tangled designs make systems costly to change: these are（34）systems. Beginners rush and regard beauty as（35）. The author instead calls ugliness impractical and argues that flexible, understandable designs cost less time and money to build and maintain.

Answer blank 31.

• A. Simple

• B. Hard

• C. Complex

• D. duplicated

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，Simple。intuitive与空格中的形容词并列，用户希望合适的功能通过直观、简单的界面呈现，后文笨拙界面形成反例。Hard、Complex分别是困难、复杂，duplicated是重复或复制的。题面保留原选项的大小写，插入普通句中时通常写simple。

题目 032

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 32 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Software can appeal through its functions, design and teamwork. Users value suitable features with an intuitive and（31）interface. Designers value understandable structure and low coupling; managers value motivated teams making weekly progress and producing defect-free code.

Fifty years ago, software ran on a few expensive machines; thirty years ago, it was widespread in business and industry. It now runs in phones, watches, appliances, cars, toys and tools. Demand for better software never（32）. As developing countries build infrastructure and developed countries seek efficiency, that demand（33）to increase.

Awkward interfaces, crashes and tangled designs make systems costly to change: these are（34）systems. Beginners rush and regard beauty as（35）. The author instead calls ugliness impractical and argues that flexible, understandable designs cost less time and money to build and maintain.

Answer blank 32.

• A. happens

• B. exists

• C. stops

• D. starts

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，stops。never stops表示从不停歇，与软件逐步进入更多场景、需求增长相呼应。原文历史顺序是五十年前少数昂贵机器、三十年前企业和工业广泛使用；平台译文遗漏后三十年并把场景错配给五十年前，不能照搬。这些年数相对于原作者写作时点，不是以当前日期倒推。

题目 033

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 33 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Software can appeal through its functions, design and teamwork. Users value suitable features with an intuitive and（31）interface. Designers value understandable structure and low coupling; managers value motivated teams making weekly progress and producing defect-free code.

Fifty years ago, software ran on a few expensive machines; thirty years ago, it was widespread in business and industry. It now runs in phones, watches, appliances, cars, toys and tools. Demand for better software never（32）. As developing countries build infrastructure and developed countries seek efficiency, that demand（33）to increase.

Awkward interfaces, crashes and tangled designs make systems costly to change: these are（34）systems. Beginners rush and regard beauty as（35）. The author instead calls ugliness impractical and argues that flexible, understandable designs cost less time and money to build and maintain.

Answer blank 33.

• A. starts

• B. continues

• C. appears

• D. stops

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，continues。continues to increase表示持续增加，承接前文长期需求及发展中国家、发达国家两方面的推动。starts只表示开始，appears to increase表示看起来在增加而削弱确定性，stops to increase则不是“停止增长”的正确表达，且与文意相反。

题目 034

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 34 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Software can appeal through its functions, design and teamwork. Users value suitable features with an intuitive and（31）interface. Designers value understandable structure and low coupling; managers value motivated teams making weekly progress and producing defect-free code.

Fifty years ago, software ran on a few expensive machines; thirty years ago, it was widespread in business and industry. It now runs in phones, watches, appliances, cars, toys and tools. Demand for better software never（32）. As developing countries build infrastructure and developed countries seek efficiency, that demand（33）to increase.

Awkward interfaces, crashes and tangled designs make systems costly to change: these are（34）systems. Beginners rush and regard beauty as（35）. The author instead calls ugliness impractical and argues that flexible, understandable designs cost less time and money to build and maintain.

Answer blank 34.

• A. practical

• B. useful

• C. beautiful

• D. ugly

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，ugly。前面的难用、不可靠、结构纠缠、容易崩溃和难于修改，都指向作者所称的丑陋系统，与beautiful构成全文对照。这里评价的是软件的使用、结构和维护品质，不只是视觉外观。

题目 035

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 35 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

Software can appeal through its functions, design and teamwork. Users value suitable features with an intuitive and（31）interface. Designers value understandable structure and low coupling; managers value motivated teams making weekly progress and producing defect-free code.

Fifty years ago, software ran on a few expensive machines; thirty years ago, it was widespread in business and industry. It now runs in phones, watches, appliances, cars, toys and tools. Demand for better software never（32）. As developing countries build infrastructure and developed countries seek efficiency, that demand（33）to increase.

Awkward interfaces, crashes and tangled designs make systems costly to change: these are（34）systems. Beginners rush and regard beauty as（35）. The author instead calls ugliness impractical and argues that flexible, understandable designs cost less time and money to build and maintain.

Answer blank 35.

• A. impractical

• B. perfect

• C. time-wasting

• D. practical

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，impractical，即不切实际的。作者在复述新手误以为追求美不现实，随后反驳：真正不切实际的是丑陋、僵硬且维护昂贵的设计。原文对impractical的前后呼应是重要线索，空格仍保持未填。time-wasting也带负面意思，但没有同样直接的词语回指；practical与新手的错误看法相反。

题目 036

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 36 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

The Semantic Web develops layer by layer because it is easier to achieve（36）on small steps than on one ambitious plan. Research groups explore different directions, and this（37）of ideas advances science. Engineering also needs standardization: agreed points can be settled while disputed questions remain open. Even if wider research fails, at least（38）positive outcomes remain.

Once a（39）has been established, more groups and companies can adopt it instead of waiting for every research question to be resolved. Companies and individual users need to build tools, add content and use it now. The passage suggests that realizing the whole vision to its full（40）could take another ten years.

Answer blank 36.

• A. conflicts

• B. consensus

• C. success

• D. disagreement

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，consensus。achieve consensus表示达成共识，小步推进更容易让研究者认可；后文的agree/disagree及标准化也继续讨论意见一致程度。success虽可与achieve搭配，却不如consensus准确对应“让大家都接受”的论证。

题目 037

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 37 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

The Semantic Web develops layer by layer because it is easier to achieve（36）on small steps than on one ambitious plan. Research groups explore different directions, and this（37）of ideas advances science. Engineering also needs standardization: agreed points can be settled while disputed questions remain open. Even if wider research fails, at least（38）positive outcomes remain.

Once a（39）has been established, more groups and companies can adopt it instead of waiting for every research question to be resolved. Companies and individual users need to build tools, add content and use it now. The passage suggests that realizing the whole vision to its full（40）could take another ten years.

Answer blank 37.

• A. competition

• B. agreement

• C. cooperation

• D. collaboration

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，competition。不同研究组探索不同方向，形成思想和方案之间的竞争，推动研究进展。agreement是一致，cooperation和collaboration偏重合作，与这里强调的多方向比较不同。此处并不是宣称科学合作没有价值，而是在解释当前这句话。

题目 038

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 38 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

The Semantic Web develops layer by layer because it is easier to achieve（36）on small steps than on one ambitious plan. Research groups explore different directions, and this（37）of ideas advances science. Engineering also needs standardization: agreed points can be settled while disputed questions remain open. Even if wider research fails, at least（38）positive outcomes remain.

Once a（39）has been established, more groups and companies can adopt it instead of waiting for every research question to be resolved. Companies and individual users need to build tools, add content and use it now. The passage suggests that realizing the whole vision to its full（40）could take another ten years.

Answer blank 38.

• A. total

• B. complete

• C. partial

• D. entire

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，partial，意为部分的。先确定已有共识，即使更宏大的研究失败，也至少能保留部分成果。total、complete、entire都趋向全部或完整，与even if失败和at least的保底逻辑不符。原文fix the points of agreement是确定、固化已达成的共识，不是平台所译的“改正观点”。

题目 039

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 39 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

The Semantic Web develops layer by layer because it is easier to achieve（36）on small steps than on one ambitious plan. Research groups explore different directions, and this（37）of ideas advances science. Engineering also needs standardization: agreed points can be settled while disputed questions remain open. Even if wider research fails, at least（38）positive outcomes remain.

Once a（39）has been established, more groups and companies can adopt it instead of waiting for every research question to be resolved. Companies and individual users need to build tools, add content and use it now. The passage suggests that realizing the whole vision to its full（40）could take another ten years.

Answer blank 39.

• A. technology

• B. standard

• C. pattern

• D. model

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，standard。上文说明工程上需要standardize，继而说某物确立后可供更多团队和企业采用，指的就是标准。technology、pattern、model也可能被采用，但不能像standard一样直接承接标准化这个词义线索。

题目 040

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 40 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase — not a verbatim exam passage.

The Semantic Web develops layer by layer because it is easier to achieve（36）on small steps than on one ambitious plan. Research groups explore different directions, and this（37）of ideas advances science. Engineering also needs standardization: agreed points can be settled while disputed questions remain open. Even if wider research fails, at least（38）positive outcomes remain.

Once a（39）has been established, more groups and companies can adopt it instead of waiting for every research question to be resolved. Companies and individual users need to build tools, add content and use it now. The passage suggests that realizing the whole vision to its full（40）could take another ten years.

Answer blank 40.

• A. area

• B. goal

• C. object

• D. extent

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，extent。to its full extent表示达到完整程度，符合愿景充分实现的语意；area是范围或区域，goal/object偏目标或对象，不能构成此处的固定搭配。another ten years是原材料对当时愿景的估计，不能改述为从今天起仍必需十年。Semantic Web通常译为语义网。

题目 041

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 41 题（原站入口）。

An early project map helps identify risks, clarify objectives and judge whether a project makes sense. A Release Plan is useful, but should not be treated as certain.

Release planning creates a game plan for a Web project, （ 41 ） what you want the site to become. It guides the content, design elements and functionality to be released to the public, partners or internal users. It also （ 42 ） how long the project will take and how much it will cost. It is not a functional （ 43 ） defining every detail or producing a budget a bank could rely on.

Use it for an initial check of the project's （ 44 ） and worthiness. Such road maps resemble the （ 45 ） used by early explorers—part rumor and guess, part hope and expectation—rather than precise interstate road guides.

Answer blank 41.

• A. constructing

• B. designing

• C. implementing

• D. outlining

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，outlining（概述）。这里说“为 Web 项目制定行动方案，概述希望网站成为什么样子”，现在分词短语补充说明方案的作用。constructing 是建造，designing 是设计，implementing 是实施；本文强调先说明大体方向，而非已经开始构建或实施。game plan 在此指行动方案，不是游戏设计。

题目 042

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 42 题（原站入口）。

An early project map helps identify risks, clarify objectives and judge whether a project makes sense. A Release Plan is useful, but should not be treated as certain.

Release planning creates a game plan for a Web project, （ 41 ） what you want the site to become. It guides the content, design elements and functionality to be released to the public, partners or internal users. It also （ 42 ） how long the project will take and how much it will cost. It is not a functional （ 43 ） defining every detail or producing a budget a bank could rely on.

Use it for an initial check of the project's （ 44 ） and worthiness. Such road maps resemble the （ 45 ） used by early explorers—part rumor and guess, part hope and expectation—rather than precise interstate road guides.

Answer blank 42.

• A. defines

• B. calculates

• C. estimates

• D. knows

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，estimates（估算）。句意是“计划还估算项目所需时间与费用”。前后都强调发布计划只是初步路线图，尚不能据此确定详细方案和可靠预算，所以 estimates 最合适。defines 是定义，calculates 偏向按数据计算，knows 是知道；不要把初期估算理解为确定承诺。

题目 043

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 43 题（原站入口）。

An early project map helps identify risks, clarify objectives and judge whether a project makes sense. A Release Plan is useful, but should not be treated as certain.

Release planning creates a game plan for a Web project, （ 41 ） what you want the site to become. It guides the content, design elements and functionality to be released to the public, partners or internal users. It also （ 42 ） how long the project will take and how much it will cost. It is not a functional （ 43 ） defining every detail or producing a budget a bank could rely on.

Use it for an initial check of the project's （ 44 ） and worthiness. Such road maps resemble the （ 45 ） used by early explorers—part rumor and guess, part hope and expectation—rather than precise interstate road guides.

Answer blank 43.

• A. specification

• B. structure

• C. requirement

• D. implementation

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，specification（规格说明书）。functional specification 指说明系统功能的文档；后面的“定义详细内容、形成可靠预算”说明这里在比较初步计划与详细规格。structure 是结构，requirement 是需求，implementation 是实现。本文强调发布计划本身不能替代详细功能规格，也不能直接当作确定预算。

题目 044

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 44 题（原站入口）。

An early project map helps identify risks, clarify objectives and judge whether a project makes sense. A Release Plan is useful, but should not be treated as certain.

Release planning creates a game plan for a Web project, （ 41 ） what you want the site to become. It guides the content, design elements and functionality to be released to the public, partners or internal users. It also （ 42 ） how long the project will take and how much it will cost. It is not a functional （ 43 ） defining every detail or producing a budget a bank could rely on.

Use it for an initial check of the project's （ 44 ） and worthiness. Such road maps resemble the （ 45 ） used by early explorers—part rumor and guess, part hope and expectation—rather than precise interstate road guides.

Answer blank 44.

• A. correctness

• B. modifiability

• C. feasibility

• D. traceability

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，feasibility（可行性）。句意是“先粗略检查项目能否做成、是否值得做”，分别对应 feasibility 与 worthiness。correctness 是正确性，modifiability 是可修改性，traceability 是可追踪性，均不是这里的立项判断重点。原文 sanity check 指初步合理性检查，平台译作“安全检查”不准确。

题目 045

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 45 题（原站入口）。

An early project map helps identify risks, clarify objectives and judge whether a project makes sense. A Release Plan is useful, but should not be treated as certain.

Release planning creates a game plan for a Web project, （ 41 ） what you want the site to become. It guides the content, design elements and functionality to be released to the public, partners or internal users. It also （ 42 ） how long the project will take and how much it will cost. It is not a functional （ 43 ） defining every detail or producing a budget a bank could rely on.

Use it for an initial check of the project's （ 44 ） and worthiness. Such road maps resemble the （ 45 ） used by early explorers—part rumor and guess, part hope and expectation—rather than precise interstate road guides.

Answer blank 45.

• A. navigators

• B. maps

• C. guidances

• D. goals

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，maps（地图）。上文把发布计划比作路线图，后文进一步说明它更像早期探险者凭传闻、猜测和期望绘制的地图，存在不确定性。navigators 是导航者或导航设备，goals 是目标；C 的 guidances 保留原写法，表示“指导”时 guidance 通常是不可数名词。已有方向仍有价值，但不代表路线和估算已精确可靠。

题目 046

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 46 题（原站入口）。

A project workbook is mainly an organizing structure for documents a project already produces, rather than a separate document. All project documents belong to this （ 46 ）: objectives, external specifications, interface specifications, technical standards, internal specifications and administrative memoranda.

Technical prose can survive for years. The genealogy of a hardware or software customer manual may trace ideas, sentences and paragraphs to the first （ 47 ） proposing the product or explaining its first design. Technical writers reuse earlier text as well as write new text. Today's memos can grow into tomorrow's product-quality manuals. Early design of the project （ 48 ） gives the documentation a deliberate organization instead of a haphazard one, and shapes later writing to fit it.

The workbook also controls the distribution of （ 49 ） so that relevant material reaches everyone who needs it, rather than restricting information. Numbered memoranda provide ordered title lists that let workers check what they have. Organizing these memoranda into a tree goes further. The （ 50 ） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if desired.

Answer blank 46.

• A. structure

• B. specification

• C. standard

• D. objective

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，structure（结构）。this 回指首句用来组织项目文档的结构；目标、各类规格、技术标准和备忘录都纳入其中。specification 是规格说明，standard 是标准，objective 是目标，都是被组织的内容或内容类型，不能概括整个组织框架。administrative memoranda 指管理备忘录。原文把 genealogy 注为“手册”是误注，实际指沿革或来源脉络；这类译注均留在折叠解析。

题目 047

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 47 题（原站入口）。

A project workbook is mainly an organizing structure for documents a project already produces, rather than a separate document. All project documents belong to this （ 46 ）: objectives, external specifications, interface specifications, technical standards, internal specifications and administrative memoranda.

Technical prose can survive for years. The genealogy of a hardware or software customer manual may trace ideas, sentences and paragraphs to the first （ 47 ） proposing the product or explaining its first design. Technical writers reuse earlier text as well as write new text. Today's memos can grow into tomorrow's product-quality manuals. Early design of the project （ 48 ） gives the documentation a deliberate organization instead of a haphazard one, and shapes later writing to fit it.

The workbook also controls the distribution of （ 49 ） so that relevant material reaches everyone who needs it, rather than restricting information. Numbered memoranda provide ordered title lists that let workers check what they have. Organizing these memoranda into a tree goes further. The （ 50 ） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if desired.

Answer blank 47.

• A. objective

• B. memoranda

• C. standard

• D. specification

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，memoranda（备忘录，memorandum 的复数）。句意是“用户手册里的思想、句子和段落，往往可追溯到最早提出产品或说明初始设计的备忘录”；后文 today's memos 呼应这一来源。objective、standard、specification 分别是目标、标准、规格说明。genealogy 在这里指文档的沿革，不是“手册”；原文 almost immortal 强调文字长期沿用，平台译成“几乎必不可少”偏离原义。product-quality manuals 指达到产品交付质量的手册，不宜误读成专门的质量管理手册。

题目 048

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 48 题（原站入口）。

A project workbook is mainly an organizing structure for documents a project already produces, rather than a separate document. All project documents belong to this （ 46 ）: objectives, external specifications, interface specifications, technical standards, internal specifications and administrative memoranda.

Technical prose can survive for years. The genealogy of a hardware or software customer manual may trace ideas, sentences and paragraphs to the first （ 47 ） proposing the product or explaining its first design. Technical writers reuse earlier text as well as write new text. Today's memos can grow into tomorrow's product-quality manuals. Early design of the project （ 48 ） gives the documentation a deliberate organization instead of a haphazard one, and shapes later writing to fit it.

The workbook also controls the distribution of （ 49 ） so that relevant material reaches everyone who needs it, rather than restricting information. Numbered memoranda provide ordered title lists that let workers check what they have. Organizing these memoranda into a tree goes further. The （ 50 ） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if desired.

Answer blank 48.

• A. title

• B. list

• C. workbook

• D. quality

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，workbook（项目工作手册）。句意是“及早设计项目工作手册，能让文档结构经过规划，而不是杂乱形成”，后续文字也能按这一结构组织。title 是标题，list 是列表，quality 是质量，都不能替代全文所说的文档组织载体。这里的 workbook 不是电子表格文件；crafted 表示有意设计，haphazard 表示缺乏安排、杂乱。

题目 049

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 49 题（原站入口）。

A project workbook is mainly an organizing structure for documents a project already produces, rather than a separate document. All project documents belong to this （ 46 ）: objectives, external specifications, interface specifications, technical standards, internal specifications and administrative memoranda.

Technical prose can survive for years. The genealogy of a hardware or software customer manual may trace ideas, sentences and paragraphs to the first （ 47 ） proposing the product or explaining its first design. Technical writers reuse earlier text as well as write new text. Today's memos can grow into tomorrow's product-quality manuals. Early design of the project （ 48 ） gives the documentation a deliberate organization instead of a haphazard one, and shapes later writing to fit it.

The workbook also controls the distribution of （ 49 ） so that relevant material reaches everyone who needs it, rather than restricting information. Numbered memoranda provide ordered title lists that let workers check what they have. Organizing these memoranda into a tree goes further. The （ 50 ） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if desired.

Answer blank 49.

• A. product

• B. manual

• C. document

• D. information

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，information（信息）。这里强调组织信息分发，让有关内容到达需要它的人，而不是限制信息获取。后一句直接以 relevant information 呼应本空。product 是产品，manual 是手册，document 是文档；后两者是信息载体，本文此处概括的是分发的信息。

题目 050

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 50 题（原站入口）。

A project workbook is mainly an organizing structure for documents a project already produces, rather than a separate document. All project documents belong to this （ 46 ）: objectives, external specifications, interface specifications, technical standards, internal specifications and administrative memoranda.

Technical prose can survive for years. The genealogy of a hardware or software customer manual may trace ideas, sentences and paragraphs to the first （ 47 ） proposing the product or explaining its first design. Technical writers reuse earlier text as well as write new text. Today's memos can grow into tomorrow's product-quality manuals. Early design of the project （ 48 ） gives the documentation a deliberate organization instead of a haphazard one, and shapes later writing to fit it.

The workbook also controls the distribution of （ 49 ） so that relevant material reaches everyone who needs it, rather than restricting information. Numbered memoranda provide ordered title lists that let workers check what they have. Organizing these memoranda into a tree goes further. The （ 50 ） allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree, if desired.

Answer blank 50.

• A. list

• B. document

• C. tree-structure

• D. number

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，tree-structure（树形结构）。subtree 是“子树”，须先有树状组织，才能按各分支维护分发名单。list 是列表，document 是文档，number 是编号；单纯编号与线性列表不提供这种层级关系。句意是“如有需要，可按备忘录树的子树管理接收名单”，不是要求所有文档都发给每个人。

题目 051

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 51 题（原站入口）。

A project is a [temporary]（ 51 ） of unique, complex, connected activities with one goal. It must finish by a specified time, stay within budget and conform to（ 52 ）.

Project management scopes, plans, staffs, organizes, directs and controls development of a(n)（ 53 ）system at minimum cost within a specified time frame. For a systems development project, it should ensure the project meets the（ 54 ）, stays within an acceptable budget and fulfills customer expectations and specifications. This management runs from the project's beginning to completion.

A well-defined system development process is a prerequisite. Process management continually documents the organization's chosen methodology, manages its use and improves it. It covers the activities, deliverables and quality standards applied to（ 55 ）project(s).

Answer blank 51.

• A. task

• B. work

• C. sequence

• D. activity

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，sequence（序列）。a sequence of activities 表示一组相互关联、有安排的活动；这些活动共同服务一个目标，并受时间、预算和规格约束。task 是任务，work 是工作，activity 是单项活动，都不如 sequence 能概括后面的复数 activities。这里的序列不意味着所有工作都只能严格串行，项目活动也可存在并行关系。

题目 052

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 52 题（原站入口）。

A project is a [temporary]（ 51 ） of unique, complex, connected activities with one goal. It must finish by a specified time, stay within budget and conform to（ 52 ）.

Project management scopes, plans, staffs, organizes, directs and controls development of a(n)（ 53 ）system at minimum cost within a specified time frame. For a systems development project, it should ensure the project meets the（ 54 ）, stays within an acceptable budget and fulfills customer expectations and specifications. This management runs from the project's beginning to completion.

A well-defined system development process is a prerequisite. Process management continually documents the organization's chosen methodology, manages its use and improves it. It covers the activities, deliverables and quality standards applied to（ 55 ）project(s).

Answer blank 52.

• A. specifications

• B. rules

• C. estimates

• D. designs

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，specifications（规格要求）。句意是“在规定时间和预算内，按规定规格完成”，对应项目交付的时间、费用和成果要求。rules 是规则，estimates 是估算，designs 是设计方案；语境要的是验收成果所应符合的规格。specifications 不一定专指一份纸质说明书，也可指其中规定的技术与功能要求。

题目 053

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 53 题（原站入口）。

A project is a [temporary]（ 51 ） of unique, complex, connected activities with one goal. It must finish by a specified time, stay within budget and conform to（ 52 ）.

Project management scopes, plans, staffs, organizes, directs and controls development of a(n)（ 53 ）system at minimum cost within a specified time frame. For a systems development project, it should ensure the project meets the（ 54 ）, stays within an acceptable budget and fulfills customer expectations and specifications. This management runs from the project's beginning to completion.

A well-defined system development process is a prerequisite. Process management continually documents the organization's chosen methodology, manages its use and improves it. It covers the activities, deliverables and quality standards applied to（ 55 ）project(s).

Answer blank 53.

• A. perfect

• B. acceptable

• C. controlled

• D. completed

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，acceptable（可接受的）。项目管理应在时间与费用约束下交付满足要求、能被客户接受的系统。perfect 是完美的，controlled 是受控的，completed 是已完成的；单纯“完成”不等于符合预期，也不要求无限追求完美。这里按语义选择，并非其他形容词在语法上都不能修饰 system。

题目 054

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 54 题（原站入口）。

A project is a [temporary]（ 51 ） of unique, complex, connected activities with one goal. It must finish by a specified time, stay within budget and conform to（ 52 ）.

Project management scopes, plans, staffs, organizes, directs and controls development of a(n)（ 53 ）system at minimum cost within a specified time frame. For a systems development project, it should ensure the project meets the（ 54 ）, stays within an acceptable budget and fulfills customer expectations and specifications. This management runs from the project's beginning to completion.

A well-defined system development process is a prerequisite. Process management continually documents the organization's chosen methodology, manages its use and improves it. It covers the activities, deliverables and quality standards applied to（ 55 ）project(s).

Answer blank 54.

• A. deadline

• B. specification

• C. expectation

• D. requirement

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，deadline（截止期限）。meet the deadline 是“赶上或满足截止期限”；后面另列预算以及客户期望、规格，三者分别对应时间、费用和成果要求。specification、expectation、requirement 各指规格、期望、需求。deadline 是一个到期时点，平台笼统译为“工期”不够准确，工期通常指持续时间。

题目 055

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 55 题（原站入口）。

A project is a [temporary]（ 51 ） of unique, complex, connected activities with one goal. It must finish by a specified time, stay within budget and conform to（ 52 ）.

Project management scopes, plans, staffs, organizes, directs and controls development of a(n)（ 53 ）system at minimum cost within a specified time frame. For a systems development project, it should ensure the project meets the（ 54 ）, stays within an acceptable budget and fulfills customer expectations and specifications. This management runs from the project's beginning to completion.

A well-defined system development process is a prerequisite. Process management continually documents the organization's chosen methodology, manages its use and improves it. It covers the activities, deliverables and quality standards applied to（ 55 ）project(s).

Answer blank 55.

• A. a single

• B. a particular

• C. some

• D. all

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，all（所有的）。本段区分具体项目管理与组织层面的过程管理，后者维护可供组织各项目使用的方法、活动、交付物和质量标准。a single 是单个，a particular 是某个特定的，some 是一些。这里的“所有”表达过程管理的组织适用范围，不意味着各项目都必须不加裁剪地执行同一套步骤。

题目 056

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 56 题（原站入口）。

A sever-side enterprise application must serve desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile apps. It may expose an API for 3^rd parties to customer and may also（ 56 ）with other applications through web services or a message broker. For HTTP requests or messages, it runs business logic, accesses a database, exchanges messages with other systems and returns a HTML/JSON/XML（ 57 ）. Its logical components cover different functional areas.

For deployment, organize the application as a set of（ 58 ）, collaborating services, using the Scale Cube's Y-axis. Each service should be Flighty maintainable and testable for rapid, frequent development and deployment. It should be loosely coupled so its team can work independently most of the time, without being imported by changes in other services or affecting them. Each service should be（ 59 ）deployable without coordinating with other teams, and small enough for a small team to develop, avoiding the high communication head of large teams.

Services（ 60 ）using synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. They can be developed and deployed separately. Each has its own database for decoupling, with a particular pattern maintaining consistency between services.

Answer blank 56.

• A. integrate

• B. Coordinate

• C. cooperate

• D. Communicate

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

平台答案 A，integrate（集成）。句意是“通过 Web 服务或消息代理与其他应用集成”，符合跨应用协作的语境。Coordinate 是协调，cooperate 是合作，Communicate 是通信；其中 communicate with 也能成句，不能只凭语法断言它错误，本题按平台采用的“集成”表述作答。源文保留 sever-side 和 for 3^rd parties to customer：前者疑为 server-side（服务器端），后一句依语境应表达向第三方开放 API 供其使用。原页确实写 customer；这是原题异常措辞，不能认定具体替换词。平台译成“向客户公开第三方的 API”倒置了提供方与使用方。

题目 057

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 57 题（原站入口）。

A sever-side enterprise application must serve desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile apps. It may expose an API for 3^rd parties to customer and may also（ 56 ）with other applications through web services or a message broker. For HTTP requests or messages, it runs business logic, accesses a database, exchanges messages with other systems and returns a HTML/JSON/XML（ 57 ）. Its logical components cover different functional areas.

For deployment, organize the application as a set of（ 58 ）, collaborating services, using the Scale Cube's Y-axis. Each service should be Flighty maintainable and testable for rapid, frequent development and deployment. It should be loosely coupled so its team can work independently most of the time, without being imported by changes in other services or affecting them. Each service should be（ 59 ）deployable without coordinating with other teams, and small enough for a small team to develop, avoiding the high communication head of large teams.

Services（ 60 ）using synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. They can be developed and deployed separately. Each has its own database for decoupling, with a particular pattern maintaining consistency between services.

Answer blank 57.

• A. request

• B. response

• C. text

• D. File

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，response（响应）。应用收到 HTTP 请求或消息，执行逻辑、访问数据后返回结果；HTML、JSON、XML 描述返回内容的形式，因此应是响应。request 是请求，text 是文本，File 是文件，后两者不能概括请求处理后回送的结果。源句 a HTML 的冠词用法不规范，读字母 H 时通常用 an；题面保留原写法，HTML/JSON/XML 也并非所有响应的穷尽列表。

题目 058

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 58 题（原站入口）。

A sever-side enterprise application must serve desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile apps. It may expose an API for 3^rd parties to customer and may also（ 56 ）with other applications through web services or a message broker. For HTTP requests or messages, it runs business logic, accesses a database, exchanges messages with other systems and returns a HTML/JSON/XML（ 57 ）. Its logical components cover different functional areas.

For deployment, organize the application as a set of（ 58 ）, collaborating services, using the Scale Cube's Y-axis. Each service should be Flighty maintainable and testable for rapid, frequent development and deployment. It should be loosely coupled so its team can work independently most of the time, without being imported by changes in other services or affecting them. Each service should be（ 59 ）deployable without coordinating with other teams, and small enough for a small team to develop, avoiding the high communication head of large teams.

Services（ 60 ）using synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. They can be developed and deployed separately. Each has its own database for decoupling, with a particular pattern maintaining consistency between services.

Answer blank 58.

• A. loosely coupled

• B. loosely cohesion

• C. High coupled

• D. Highly cohesion

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，loosely coupled（松耦合的）。它修饰 collaborating services，指服务能够协作，又尽量减少彼此变更的牵连；按业务功能拆分也对应 Scale Cube 的 Y 轴。cohesion 是名词“内聚性”，不能把 loosely cohesion 或 Highly cohesion 当作正确的形容词短语。理想上可说 highly cohesive（高内聚的），但题目原选项不能擅改。原文 Flighty 与 imported by changes 不合语境，可能分别意在表达 highly 和 impacted；这些写法已在原题中核实；替换词仅作疑似勘误，原写法保留。

题目 059

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 59 题（原站入口）。

A sever-side enterprise application must serve desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile apps. It may expose an API for 3^rd parties to customer and may also（ 56 ）with other applications through web services or a message broker. For HTTP requests or messages, it runs business logic, accesses a database, exchanges messages with other systems and returns a HTML/JSON/XML（ 57 ）. Its logical components cover different functional areas.

For deployment, organize the application as a set of（ 58 ）, collaborating services, using the Scale Cube's Y-axis. Each service should be Flighty maintainable and testable for rapid, frequent development and deployment. It should be loosely coupled so its team can work independently most of the time, without being imported by changes in other services or affecting them. Each service should be（ 59 ）deployable without coordinating with other teams, and small enough for a small team to develop, avoiding the high communication head of large teams.

Services（ 60 ）using synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. They can be developed and deployed separately. Each has its own database for decoupling, with a particular pattern maintaining consistency between services.

Answer blank 59.

• A. Dependently

• B. Independently

• C. Coordinately

• D. Integratedly

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，Independently（独立地），修饰 deployable，表示一个团队部署本服务时不必与其他团队同步安排。Dependently 表示依赖地，另外两项也不符合这一定义。源文 high communication head 不自然，依上下文疑指大团队的沟通开销（communication overhead），原题确实写 high communication head，平台译成“高级沟通负责人”不当。独立部署依赖接口兼容等设计条件，不代表服务之间完全没有依赖。

题目 060

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 60 题（原站入口）。

A sever-side enterprise application must serve desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile apps. It may expose an API for 3^rd parties to customer and may also（ 56 ）with other applications through web services or a message broker. For HTTP requests or messages, it runs business logic, accesses a database, exchanges messages with other systems and returns a HTML/JSON/XML（ 57 ）. Its logical components cover different functional areas.

For deployment, organize the application as a set of（ 58 ）, collaborating services, using the Scale Cube's Y-axis. Each service should be Flighty maintainable and testable for rapid, frequent development and deployment. It should be loosely coupled so its team can work independently most of the time, without being imported by changes in other services or affecting them. Each service should be（ 59 ）deployable without coordinating with other teams, and small enough for a small team to develop, avoiding the high communication head of large teams.

Services（ 60 ）using synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. They can be developed and deployed separately. Each has its own database for decoupling, with a particular pattern maintaining consistency between services.

Answer blank 60.

• A. interoprate

• B. coordinate

• C. communicate

• D. depend

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，communicate（通信）。using HTTP/REST or AMQP 说明交换消息所用的协议，故句意是“服务通过这些协议通信”。coordinate 是协调，depend 是依赖；A 原写 interoprate，原题确实如此，疑为 interoperate（互操作），保留原拼写。文中的 asynchronous 是“异步”，平台把 AMQP 也译成“同步”有误。HTTP/REST 与 AMQP 在这里举的是同步调用、异步消息的常见用法，不能据此把协议与调用方式绝对等同；各服务拥有自己的数据库也不必意味着各自占用独立物理服务器。

题目 061

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 61 题（原站入口）。

Even a well-designed, built and tested system will inevitably encounter errors or bugs. Once a system has been（ 61 ）, it enters operations and support. Support provides ongoing technical help for users and maintenance for errors, omissions or new requirements. A system must be operating before it can be（ 62 ）. System operation is the day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and year-t-year（ 63 ）of its business processes and application programs.

Unlike analysis, design and implementation, systems support cannot sensibly be（ 64 ）into fixed phases that every support project must perform. Instead, four continuing activities are program maintenance, system recovery, technical support and system enhancement. Each represents a support project that is（ 65 ）by a problem, event or opportunity encountered with the implemented system.

Answer blank 61.

• A. designed

• B. implemented

• C. investigated

• D. analyzed

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，implemented（已实施、实现）。has been 后接过去分词；完成实施、交付投入使用后，系统进入运行与支持环节。designed 是已设计，investigated 是已调查，analyzed 是已分析，这些准备活动本身并不意味着系统已可运行。本段讲运行中的持续支持，不能由此推出实施前无需规划支持工作。

题目 062

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 62 题（原站入口）。

Even a well-designed, built and tested system will inevitably encounter errors or bugs. Once a system has been（ 61 ）, it enters operations and support. Support provides ongoing technical help for users and maintenance for errors, omissions or new requirements. A system must be operating before it can be（ 62 ）. System operation is the day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and year-t-year（ 63 ）of its business processes and application programs.

Unlike analysis, design and implementation, systems support cannot sensibly be（ 64 ）into fixed phases that every support project must perform. Instead, four continuing activities are program maintenance, system recovery, technical support and system enhancement. Each represents a support project that is（ 65 ）by a problem, event or opportunity encountered with the implemented system.

Answer blank 62.

• A. supported

• B. tested

• C. implemented

• D. constructed

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，supported（得到支持）。按本段定义，运行支持面向已投入使用的系统，所以先有 operation，才有这里所说的 support。tested、implemented、constructed 分别是被测试、实施、构建；测试和构建当然可以发生在投产之前。这里的“必须先运行”限于本文的运行支持场景，不否定上线前的技术协助。

题目 063

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 63 题（原站入口）。

Even a well-designed, built and tested system will inevitably encounter errors or bugs. Once a system has been（ 61 ）, it enters operations and support. Support provides ongoing technical help for users and maintenance for errors, omissions or new requirements. A system must be operating before it can be（ 62 ）. System operation is the day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and year-t-year（ 63 ）of its business processes and application programs.

Unlike analysis, design and implementation, systems support cannot sensibly be（ 64 ）into fixed phases that every support project must perform. Instead, four continuing activities are program maintenance, system recovery, technical support and system enhancement. Each represents a support project that is（ 65 ）by a problem, event or opportunity encountered with the implemented system.

Answer blank 63.

• A. construction

• B. maintenance

• C. execution

• D. implementation

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，execution（执行、运行）。system operation 指业务过程和应用程序日复一日地执行，按天、周、月、年持续开展。construction 是构建，maintenance 是维护，implementation 是实施，均不同于日常运行。原文 year-t-year 疑漏字，通常写 year-to-year；保留原拼写。平台把 construction 译为“结构”不准确，这里应理解为构建。

题目 064

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 64 题（原站入口）。

Even a well-designed, built and tested system will inevitably encounter errors or bugs. Once a system has been（ 61 ）, it enters operations and support. Support provides ongoing technical help for users and maintenance for errors, omissions or new requirements. A system must be operating before it can be（ 62 ）. System operation is the day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and year-t-year（ 63 ）of its business processes and application programs.

Unlike analysis, design and implementation, systems support cannot sensibly be（ 64 ）into fixed phases that every support project must perform. Instead, four continuing activities are program maintenance, system recovery, technical support and system enhancement. Each represents a support project that is（ 65 ）by a problem, event or opportunity encountered with the implemented system.

Answer blank 64.

• A. broke

• B. formed

• C. composed

• D. decomposed

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，decomposed（被分解），be decomposed into 表示“被分解为”。文意是支持工作不宜机械排成分析、设计、实施那样的一条固定阶段链，而由四类持续活动构成。A broke 是过去式，被动语态通常须用 broken；formed 是形成，composed 是组成，常见“由……组成”用 be composed of。不能把此段理解为任何单个支持任务都不许规划步骤。

题目 065

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 65 题（原站入口）。

Even a well-designed, built and tested system will inevitably encounter errors or bugs. Once a system has been（ 61 ）, it enters operations and support. Support provides ongoing technical help for users and maintenance for errors, omissions or new requirements. A system must be operating before it can be（ 62 ）. System operation is the day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and year-t-year（ 63 ）of its business processes and application programs.

Unlike analysis, design and implementation, systems support cannot sensibly be（ 64 ）into fixed phases that every support project must perform. Instead, four continuing activities are program maintenance, system recovery, technical support and system enhancement. Each represents a support project that is（ 65 ）by a problem, event or opportunity encountered with the implemented system.

Answer blank 65.

• A. triggered

• B. leaded

• C. caused

• D. produced

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，triggered（触发）。问题、事件或改进机会触发相应支持项目，triggered by 强调启动这一关系。caused 是造成、引起，语法上也可接 by，但在此不如 triggered 贴合事件启动的表达；produced 是产生。B 保留 leaded：lead 表“引导、导致”时过去式与过去分词应为 led，leaded 在其他语境可表示含铅或加铅，并非此义。

题目 066

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 66 题（原站入口）。

Designing object-oriented software is difficult; designing（ 66 ）object-oriented software is harder. Find pertinent objects, group them into class at suitable granularity, define interfaces and inheritances, and establish key relationships. You design must address the current problem yet remain（ 67 ）enough for future problems and requirements, minimizing redesign. A reusable, flexible design is rarely right on the first attempt; experienced designers try reusing it repeatedly and modify it each time.

Experienced designers still produce good designs, whereas newcomers are（ 68 ）by the available choices and may return to familiar non-object-oriented techniques. lt takes novices a long time to learn good object-oriented design. Experts avoid starting every problem from first principles: they reuse successful solutions. When they find a good（ 69 ）, they use it repeatedly. This experience explains the（ 70 ）patterns of classes and communicating objects found in many object-oriented systems.

Answer blank 66.

• A. runnable

• B. right

• C. reusable

• D. pertinent

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，reusable（可复用的）。后文谈通过多次尝试复用并修改设计，逐步适应其他问题，因而首句比较的是普通设计与可复用设计的难度。runnable 是可运行的，right 是正确的，pertinent 是相关的。源文 pertinent 的中文注释移入本折叠；class 单数、You design 和 lt takes 等原写法保留，其中后两处按语法应为 Your design、It takes，但未据此改题面。

题目 067

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 67 题（原站入口）。

Designing object-oriented software is difficult; designing（ 66 ）object-oriented software is harder. Find pertinent objects, group them into class at suitable granularity, define interfaces and inheritances, and establish key relationships. You design must address the current problem yet remain（ 67 ）enough for future problems and requirements, minimizing redesign. A reusable, flexible design is rarely right on the first attempt; experienced designers try reusing it repeatedly and modify it each time.

Experienced designers still produce good designs, whereas newcomers are（ 68 ）by the available choices and may return to familiar non-object-oriented techniques. lt takes novices a long time to learn good object-oriented design. Experts avoid starting every problem from first principles: they reuse successful solutions. When they find a good（ 69 ）, they use it repeatedly. This experience explains the（ 70 ）patterns of classes and communicating objects found in many object-oriented systems.

Answer blank 67.

• A. clear

• B. general

• C. personalized

• D. customized

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，general（通用的、具有一般性的）。specific to the current problem 与 general enough for future requirements 构成对照：既解决眼前问题，又为未来同类需求留出适用空间。clear 是清晰的，personalized 是个性化的，customized 是定制的。此处 clear 不是动词“清除”，general 也不是评价质量“一般”；通用性更不等于对未知需求无限过度设计。

题目 068

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 68 题（原站入口）。

Designing object-oriented software is difficult; designing（ 66 ）object-oriented software is harder. Find pertinent objects, group them into class at suitable granularity, define interfaces and inheritances, and establish key relationships. You design must address the current problem yet remain（ 67 ）enough for future problems and requirements, minimizing redesign. A reusable, flexible design is rarely right on the first attempt; experienced designers try reusing it repeatedly and modify it each time.

Experienced designers still produce good designs, whereas newcomers are（ 68 ）by the available choices and may return to familiar non-object-oriented techniques. lt takes novices a long time to learn good object-oriented design. Experts avoid starting every problem from first principles: they reuse successful solutions. When they find a good（ 69 ）, they use it repeatedly. This experience explains the（ 70 ）patterns of classes and communicating objects found in many object-oriented systems.

Answer blank 68.

• A. excited

• B. shocken

• C. surprised

• D. overwhelmed

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，overwhelmed（不知所措的、难以应付的）。选项太多，新手难以选择，于是退回熟悉的非面向对象方法，后半句是关键线索。excited 是兴奋的，surprised 是惊讶的，均不足以表达这种应付不来的状态。B 原写 shocken，不是这里通常应出现的 shocked，保留原拼写。原文 novices 指新手，平台译文中的“电影”是误译。

题目 069

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 69 题（原站入口）。

Designing object-oriented software is difficult; designing（ 66 ）object-oriented software is harder. Find pertinent objects, group them into class at suitable granularity, define interfaces and inheritances, and establish key relationships. You design must address the current problem yet remain（ 67 ）enough for future problems and requirements, minimizing redesign. A reusable, flexible design is rarely right on the first attempt; experienced designers try reusing it repeatedly and modify it each time.

Experienced designers still produce good designs, whereas newcomers are（ 68 ）by the available choices and may return to familiar non-object-oriented techniques. lt takes novices a long time to learn good object-oriented design. Experts avoid starting every problem from first principles: they reuse successful solutions. When they find a good（ 69 ）, they use it repeatedly. This experience explains the（ 70 ）patterns of classes and communicating objects found in many object-oriented systems.

Answer blank 69.

• A. tool

• B. component

• C. system

• D. solution

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，solution（解决方案）。前句说专家复用过去有效的解决办法，本句说明找到一个好的办法后反复使用，因此 solution 衔接最直接。tool 是工具，component 是组件，system 是系统；它们可能参与实现，却不是本段被复用的抽象解法。设计模式复用的是解决一类问题的设计经验，并不等同于直接复制现成代码。

题目 070

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 70 题（原站入口）。

Designing object-oriented software is difficult; designing（ 66 ）object-oriented software is harder. Find pertinent objects, group them into class at suitable granularity, define interfaces and inheritances, and establish key relationships. You design must address the current problem yet remain（ 67 ）enough for future problems and requirements, minimizing redesign. A reusable, flexible design is rarely right on the first attempt; experienced designers try reusing it repeatedly and modify it each time.

Experienced designers still produce good designs, whereas newcomers are（ 68 ）by the available choices and may return to familiar non-object-oriented techniques. lt takes novices a long time to learn good object-oriented design. Experts avoid starting every problem from first principles: they reuse successful solutions. When they find a good（ 69 ）, they use it repeatedly. This experience explains the（ 70 ）patterns of classes and communicating objects found in many object-oriented systems.

Answer blank 70.

• A. recurring

• B. right

• C. experienced

• D. past

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，recurring（反复出现的）。成熟方案不断被复用，所以多个系统中会出现相似的类与对象协作模式。right 是正确的，experienced 是有经验的，past 是过去的，都不能表达此处的重复出现。recurring 并不特指程序里的循环结构，原平台“循环”的译法容易误导。

题目 071

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 71 题（原站入口）。

For software engineers and DevOps engineers, the biggest different is in their（ 71 ）. Software engineers focus on meeting client needs. A DevOps engineer has a broader focus: development, deployment and（ 72 ）support through the cloud while the software is continually（ 73 ）.

Software engineers build programs around users' security and function ability needs. DevOps engineers manage building, deployment and operation as a（ 74 ）automated process. Software engineers often work apart from operations, then monitor their products to decide whether up grades or larger improvements are needed. DevOps engineers work with operations and manage workflow to（ 75 ）software to smoothly function with automated processes. Both roles need knowledge of computer programming languages.

Answer blank 71.

• A. focus

• B. process

• C. goal

• D. function

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选 A，focus（关注重点）。紧接着两次出现 focus，对比软件工程师重视客户需求、DevOps 还关注部署和运行支持的叙述。process 是过程，goal 是目标，function 是功能。源文 different 在此名词位置通常应为 difference，题面保留原写法。文中的岗位分工是教学性的概括：现实中软件工程师也可能承担部署与运行工作，DevOps 也不必依赖云平台。

题目 072

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 72 题（原站入口）。

For software engineers and DevOps engineers, the biggest different is in their（ 71 ）. Software engineers focus on meeting client needs. A DevOps engineer has a broader focus: development, deployment and（ 72 ）support through the cloud while the software is continually（ 73 ）.

Software engineers build programs around users' security and function ability needs. DevOps engineers manage building, deployment and operation as a（ 74 ）automated process. Software engineers often work apart from operations, then monitor their products to decide whether up grades or larger improvements are needed. DevOps engineers work with operations and manage workflow to（ 75 ）software to smoothly function with automated processes. Both roles need knowledge of computer programming languages.

Answer blank 72.

• A. developing

• B. deploying

• C. training

• D. operational

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，operational（运行方面的），operational support 即运行支持或运维支持。它与前面的开发、部署衔接，覆盖软件运行期间的保障工作。developing 是发展或开发中的，deploying 是部署，training 是培训，都不如 operational 能表达这一环节。through the cloud 是材料给出的场景，不是所有 DevOps 支持工作的必要条件。

题目 073

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 73 题（原站入口）。

For software engineers and DevOps engineers, the biggest different is in their（ 71 ）. Software engineers focus on meeting client needs. A DevOps engineer has a broader focus: development, deployment and（ 72 ）support through the cloud while the software is continually（ 73 ）.

Software engineers build programs around users' security and function ability needs. DevOps engineers manage building, deployment and operation as a（ 74 ）automated process. Software engineers often work apart from operations, then monitor their products to decide whether up grades or larger improvements are needed. DevOps engineers work with operations and manage workflow to（ 75 ）software to smoothly function with automated processes. Both roles need knowledge of computer programming languages.

Answer blank 73.

• A. developed

• B. functional

• C. constructed

• D. secure

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

平台答案 B，functional（能正常发挥功能的）。句意是“软件持续正常工作时，提供运行支持”；这里不是简单把 functional 译成“功能的”。developed 是被开发或已开发的，constructed 是被构建的，secure 可作“安全的”。is continually developed 在别的语境也能成立，故按本文侧重运行保障的解释采用平台 B，不声称语法只允许此项。

题目 074

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 74 题（原站入口）。

For software engineers and DevOps engineers, the biggest different is in their（ 71 ）. Software engineers focus on meeting client needs. A DevOps engineer has a broader focus: development, deployment and（ 72 ）support through the cloud while the software is continually（ 73 ）.

Software engineers build programs around users' security and function ability needs. DevOps engineers manage building, deployment and operation as a（ 74 ）automated process. Software engineers often work apart from operations, then monitor their products to decide whether up grades or larger improvements are needed. DevOps engineers work with operations and manage workflow to（ 75 ）software to smoothly function with automated processes. Both roles need knowledge of computer programming languages.

Answer blank 74.

• A. single

• B. whole

• C. continuous

• D. independent

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

平台答案 C，continuous（连续的）。文章把构建、部署与运行联成持续进行的自动化过程。single 是单一的，whole 是完整的，independent 是独立的；single 也能组成通顺短语，本题按平台强调持续衔接的语义选择 C。源文 up grades 的断词保留，通常写 upgrades。automated process 是自动化过程，平台译为“自动匹配过程”多出了“匹配”。

题目 075

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 75 题（原站入口）。

For software engineers and DevOps engineers, the biggest different is in their（ 71 ）. Software engineers focus on meeting client needs. A DevOps engineer has a broader focus: development, deployment and（ 72 ）support through the cloud while the software is continually（ 73 ）.

Software engineers build programs around users' security and function ability needs. DevOps engineers manage building, deployment and operation as a（ 74 ）automated process. Software engineers often work apart from operations, then monitor their products to decide whether up grades or larger improvements are needed. DevOps engineers work with operations and manage workflow to（ 75 ）software to smoothly function with automated processes. Both roles need knowledge of computer programming languages.

Answer blank 75.

• A. develop

• B. integrate

• C. analyse

• D. maintain

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，integrate（集成、整合）。DevOps 协调工作流，使软件融入自动化过程并顺畅运行。develop 是开发，analyse 是分析，maintain 是维护，都不如 integrate 突出不同环节的衔接；analyse 是正规的英式拼写，不应当作错误。源文 function ability 疑为 functionality 的异常拆写，含义是功能方面的需求；仅在解析说明，不改题面。

题目 076

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 76 题（原站入口）。

SOA and Web services can be described separately: service-orientation is an architectural（ 76 ）, whereas Web services are an implementation（ 77 ）. They are orthogonal; they often work together but neither requires the other.

Although SOA is commonly associated with distributed computing, it can also be useful in one system. Services may be individual processes with well-defined（ 78 ）that communicate through local channels, or may communicate over a high-speed interconnect in a self-contained cluster.

While Web services are（ 79 ）as the basis for a service-oriented environment, their definition does not require SOA principles. Although（ 80 ）is often presented as a key characteristic, no technical requirement forces Web services to be stateless. That is a developer's design choice, which may be constrained by the environment's architectural style.

Answer blank 76.

• A. design

• B. style

• C. technology

• D. structure

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选 B，style（风格）。architectural style 指体系结构风格，SOA 说明如何按服务组织系统、界定职责和交互，而非指定某一种实现工具。design 是设计，technology 是技术，structure 是结构。orthogonal 在这里表示两者概念上可独立选择，不是几何意义的垂直：SOA 可以不用 Web 服务，Web 服务也不保证一定遵循 SOA。

题目 077

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 77 题（原站入口）。

SOA and Web services can be described separately: service-orientation is an architectural（ 76 ）, whereas Web services are an implementation（ 77 ）. They are orthogonal; they often work together but neither requires the other.

Although SOA is commonly associated with distributed computing, it can also be useful in one system. Services may be individual processes with well-defined（ 78 ）that communicate through local channels, or may communicate over a high-speed interconnect in a self-contained cluster.

While Web services are（ 79 ）as the basis for a service-oriented environment, their definition does not require SOA principles. Although（ 80 ）is often presented as a key characteristic, no technical requirement forces Web services to be stateless. That is a developer's design choice, which may be constrained by the environment's architectural style.

Answer blank 77.

• A. structure

• B. style

• C. technology

• D. method

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选 C，technology（技术）。implementation technology 是实现技术，与前半句的体系结构层次相区别。Web 服务提供一种实现服务交互的技术途径；structure 是结构，style 是风格，method 是方法。两者经常配合使用，但技术选型本身并不自动决定架构是否符合面向服务原则。

题目 078

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 78 题（原站入口）。

SOA and Web services can be described separately: service-orientation is an architectural（ 76 ）, whereas Web services are an implementation（ 77 ）. They are orthogonal; they often work together but neither requires the other.

Although SOA is commonly associated with distributed computing, it can also be useful in one system. Services may be individual processes with well-defined（ 78 ）that communicate through local channels, or may communicate over a high-speed interconnect in a self-contained cluster.

While Web services are（ 79 ）as the basis for a service-oriented environment, their definition does not require SOA principles. Although（ 80 ）is often presented as a key characteristic, no technical requirement forces Web services to be stateless. That is a developer's design choice, which may be constrained by the environment's architectural style.

Answer blank 78.

• A. interfaces

• B. functions

• C. logics

• D. formats

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

平台答案保留 B，functions（功能、职责）。按此解释，句意是“服务可以是职责定义明确的独立进程，通过本地通道通信”。但 A interfaces（接口）也能形成 well-defined interfaces，并符合 SOA 的常用描述；现有上下文不足以排除 A，不能把平台答案包装成唯一可推导结论。logics 是逻辑的复数写法，formats 是格式。原句、四个选项及平台答案 B 均已核实；这是原题选项歧义，不能凭印象强改成 A。

题目 079

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 79 题（原站入口）。

SOA and Web services can be described separately: service-orientation is an architectural（ 76 ）, whereas Web services are an implementation（ 77 ）. They are orthogonal; they often work together but neither requires the other.

Although SOA is commonly associated with distributed computing, it can also be useful in one system. Services may be individual processes with well-defined（ 78 ）that communicate through local channels, or may communicate over a high-speed interconnect in a self-contained cluster.

While Web services are（ 79 ）as the basis for a service-oriented environment, their definition does not require SOA principles. Although（ 80 ）is often presented as a key characteristic, no technical requirement forces Web services to be stateless. That is a developer's design choice, which may be constrained by the environment's architectural style.

Answer blank 79.

• A. regarded

• B. well-suited

• C. worked

• D. used

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

平台答案保留 A，regarded；be regarded as 表示“被视为”。句意是“Web 服务虽被视为面向服务环境的基础，其定义却不强制遵循 SOA”。但 D used as（被用作）在这里也通顺，B well-suited as 也可表达“适合作为”，不能仅凭语法排他确定 A；C worked 不符合此处通常的表达。原句、四个选项及平台答案 A 均已核实；保留原题多项可通的疑义，勿擅改平台答案。

题目 080

来源：知识点练习「专业英语」第 80 题（原站入口）。

SOA and Web services can be described separately: service-orientation is an architectural（ 76 ）, whereas Web services are an implementation（ 77 ）. They are orthogonal; they often work together but neither requires the other.

Although SOA is commonly associated with distributed computing, it can also be useful in one system. Services may be individual processes with well-defined（ 78 ）that communicate through local channels, or may communicate over a high-speed interconnect in a self-contained cluster.

While Web services are（ 79 ）as the basis for a service-oriented environment, their definition does not require SOA principles. Although（ 80 ）is often presented as a key characteristic, no technical requirement forces Web services to be stateless. That is a developer's design choice, which may be constrained by the environment's architectural style.

Answer blank 80.

• A. distribution

• B. interconnection

• C. dependence

• D. statelessness

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选 D，statelessness（无状态性）。后句直接讨论 should be stateless，形成同根词呼应。distribution 是分布或分发，interconnection 是互联，dependence 是依赖。Web 服务是否无状态是设计选择，不是这一技术名称的强制要求；无状态也不等于系统没有持久化业务数据，通常关注请求之间是否依赖服务器保存的客户端会话上下文。

历年真题：2026年5月（考生回忆版）

本节收录本卷归入本模块的 5 题；题号沿用试卷编号；同材料的不同小问分别保留。

英文长材料采用英文复习摘要，保留各空语境和原选项，不复制原文全文；中文摘要和词义说明放在折叠解析中。

2026-05 Q003

来源：2026年5月软件设计师综合知识真题（考生回忆版）第 3 题（原站试卷目录）。

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing modem software design into a highly（ ）and interactive process. After interpreting complex or ambiguous business requirements, they can produce（ ）code for UML diagrams, using Mermaid or PlantUML to make system structures visible within seconds.

As "reasoning partners", LLMs help technical leaders choose suitable（ ）patterns, including Microservices or Event-Driven systems, under constraints such as scalability and budget. These Al tools improve the（ ）between high-level design documents and the implemented code. Architects must still inspect all Al-generated outputs for technical（ ）—suggestions that sound plausible but are wrong—to protect long-term security, performance and maintainability.

Answer Question 3: choose the word for blank 1 of 5.

• A. competitive

• B. collaborative

• C. manual

• D. destructive

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

第一空描述人与模型配合完成设计，而不是竞争、手工操作或破坏，collaborative最符合语境，对应B。

中文复习摘要（仅在折叠内显示）：

文段讨论LLM辅助软件设计的五个方面。①设计过程强调人与工具共同配合及交互；②模型生成可交给Mermaid或PlantUML处理、用来快速显示UML等设计图的代码；③结合可扩展性、预算等约束，在微服务、事件驱动等系统组织方案中作选择；④让高层设计文档与实际代码实现更相符；⑤架构师仍要人工审查，防止看似可信、实际错误的技术建议，保障系统长期的安全、性能和可维护性。

原文用词说明：保留原文中的 modem、Al 和 Al-generated；依语境分别疑为 modern、AI 和 AI-generated，不把这些疑似拼写问题改成题干中的额外提示。Mermaid、PlantUML 是图表描述语言及相关工具，不是 UML 图的类别。

2026-05 Q004

来源：2026年5月软件设计师综合知识真题（考生回忆版）第 4 题（原站试卷目录）。

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing modem software design into a highly（ ）and interactive process. After interpreting complex or ambiguous business requirements, they can produce（ ）code for UML diagrams, using Mermaid or PlantUML to make system structures visible within seconds.

As "reasoning partners", LLMs help technical leaders choose suitable（ ）patterns, including Microservices or Event-Driven systems, under constraints such as scalability and budget. These Al tools improve the（ ）between high-level design documents and the implemented code. Architects must still inspect all Al-generated outputs for technical（ ）—suggestions that sound plausible but are wrong—to protect long-term security, performance and maintainability.

Answer Question 4: choose the word for blank 2 of 5.

• A. invisible

• B. encrypted

• C. physical

• D. executable

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

第二空强调生成的代码能够被工具处理以产生设计图，四项中executable最贴切，对应D。这里指可交给图形DSL工具解释和渲染，不能据此认定生成的是可部署的业务程序。

中文复习摘要（仅在折叠内显示）：

文段讨论LLM辅助软件设计的五个方面。①设计过程强调人与工具共同配合及交互；②模型生成可交给Mermaid或PlantUML处理、用来快速显示UML等设计图的代码；③结合可扩展性、预算等约束，在微服务、事件驱动等系统组织方案中作选择；④让高层设计文档与实际代码实现更相符；⑤架构师仍要人工审查，防止看似可信、实际错误的技术建议，保障系统长期的安全、性能和可维护性。

原文用词说明：保留原文中的 modem、Al 和 Al-generated；依语境分别疑为 modern、AI 和 AI-generated，不把这些疑似拼写问题改成题干中的额外提示。Mermaid、PlantUML 是图表描述语言及相关工具，不是 UML 图的类别。

2026-05 Q005

来源：2026年5月软件设计师综合知识真题（考生回忆版）第 5 题（原站试卷目录）。

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing modem software design into a highly（ ）and interactive process. After interpreting complex or ambiguous business requirements, they can produce（ ）code for UML diagrams, using Mermaid or PlantUML to make system structures visible within seconds.

As "reasoning partners", LLMs help technical leaders choose suitable（ ）patterns, including Microservices or Event-Driven systems, under constraints such as scalability and budget. These Al tools improve the（ ）between high-level design documents and the implemented code. Architects must still inspect all Al-generated outputs for technical（ ）—suggestions that sound plausible but are wrong—to protect long-term security, performance and maintainability.

Answer Question 5: choose the word for blank 3 of 5.

• A. service

• B. architectural

• C. idiom

• D. design

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

微服务、事件驱动属于系统整体组织层面的架构选择，故应填architectural，对应B；不是局部编码习惯idiom。

中文复习摘要（仅在折叠内显示）：

文段讨论LLM辅助软件设计的五个方面。①设计过程强调人与工具共同配合及交互；②模型生成可交给Mermaid或PlantUML处理、用来快速显示UML等设计图的代码；③结合可扩展性、预算等约束，在微服务、事件驱动等系统组织方案中作选择；④让高层设计文档与实际代码实现更相符；⑤架构师仍要人工审查，防止看似可信、实际错误的技术建议，保障系统长期的安全、性能和可维护性。

原文用词说明：保留原文中的 modem、Al 和 Al-generated；依语境分别疑为 modern、AI 和 AI-generated，不把这些疑似拼写问题改成题干中的额外提示。Mermaid、PlantUML 是图表描述语言及相关工具，不是 UML 图的类别。

2026-05 Q006

来源：2026年5月软件设计师综合知识真题（考生回忆版）第 6 题（原站试卷目录）。

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing modem software design into a highly（ ）and interactive process. After interpreting complex or ambiguous business requirements, they can produce（ ）code for UML diagrams, using Mermaid or PlantUML to make system structures visible within seconds.

As "reasoning partners", LLMs help technical leaders choose suitable（ ）patterns, including Microservices or Event-Driven systems, under constraints such as scalability and budget. These Al tools improve the（ ）between high-level design documents and the implemented code. Architects must still inspect all Al-generated outputs for technical（ ）—suggestions that sound plausible but are wrong—to protect long-term security, performance and maintainability.

Answer Question 6: choose the word for blank 4 of 5.

• A. distance

• B. resistance

• C. consistency

• D. conflict

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

高层设计与代码实现“更相符”需要表达一致性，用consistency，对应C；distance、resistance、conflict分别表达距离、阻力、冲突。

中文复习摘要（仅在折叠内显示）：

文段讨论LLM辅助软件设计的五个方面。①设计过程强调人与工具共同配合及交互；②模型生成可交给Mermaid或PlantUML处理、用来快速显示UML等设计图的代码；③结合可扩展性、预算等约束，在微服务、事件驱动等系统组织方案中作选择；④让高层设计文档与实际代码实现更相符；⑤架构师仍要人工审查，防止看似可信、实际错误的技术建议，保障系统长期的安全、性能和可维护性。

原文用词说明：保留原文中的 modem、Al 和 Al-generated；依语境分别疑为 modern、AI 和 AI-generated，不把这些疑似拼写问题改成题干中的额外提示。Mermaid、PlantUML 是图表描述语言及相关工具，不是 UML 图的类别。

2026-05 Q007

来源：2026年5月软件设计师综合知识真题（考生回忆版）第 7 题（原站试卷目录）。

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing modem software design into a highly（ ）and interactive process. After interpreting complex or ambiguous business requirements, they can produce（ ）code for UML diagrams, using Mermaid or PlantUML to make system structures visible within seconds.

As "reasoning partners", LLMs help technical leaders choose suitable（ ）patterns, including Microservices or Event-Driven systems, under constraints such as scalability and budget. These Al tools improve the（ ）between high-level design documents and the implemented code. Architects must still inspect all Al-generated outputs for technical（ ）—suggestions that sound plausible but are wrong—to protect long-term security, performance and maintainability.

Answer Question 7: choose the word for blank 5 of 5.

• A. calculation

• B. meditation

• C. acceleration

• D. hallucination

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

“看起来可信但实际上错误”的模型输出属于hallucination，故选D，不是计算、冥想或加速。

中文复习摘要（仅在折叠内显示）：

文段讨论LLM辅助软件设计的五个方面。①设计过程强调人与工具共同配合及交互；②模型生成可交给Mermaid或PlantUML处理、用来快速显示UML等设计图的代码；③结合可扩展性、预算等约束，在微服务、事件驱动等系统组织方案中作选择；④让高层设计文档与实际代码实现更相符；⑤架构师仍要人工审查，防止看似可信、实际错误的技术建议，保障系统长期的安全、性能和可维护性。

原文用词说明：保留原文中的 modem、Al 和 Al-generated；依语境分别疑为 modern、AI 和 AI-generated，不把这些疑似拼写问题改成题干中的额外提示。Mermaid、PlantUML 是图表描述语言及相关工具，不是 UML 图的类别。

2024年下半年软件设计师基础知识真题（学员版）

本节已整理 5 条来源记录；题号沿用来源，答案与解析默认收起。

English passages are study paraphrases, not a verbatim reproduction of the paper.

2024-11-student Q066

来源：第 66 题（原站入口）。

People's behavior, unlike that of many design components, varies with the situation. This（ 66 ）makes systems thinking and systems engineering important when designing for people. Interconnection is one aspect of systems thinking.

Hospitals and manufacturing plants contain many（ 67 ）elements: changing one element effects the others. An attempt to upgrade coal mining with sophisticated technology failed because it ignored the human side of the operation.

This（ 68 ）led to joint optimization of people and technology. Making technology alone perform better does not necessarily（ 69 ）the whole system's performance; it must work with people. Connections also matter when studying mishaps, since most have no single cause. In design, the（ 70 ）mean balancing competing objectives and conflicting guidelines.

Answer blank（ 66 ）.

• A.

  behavior

• B.

  component

• C.

  dependence

• D.

  independence

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选C，dependence表示“依赖性”。前句说人的行为依赖所处情境，This需要承接这一依赖关系，进而说明面向人的设计为何需要系统思维。independence是“独立性”，与语境相反。

补充与纠错

材料中的“changing one element effects the others”保留了原文effects；此处表达“影响”通常应写affects。五个空在题干中全部保留，其他小问的正确词不回填。

2024-11-student Q067

来源：第 67 题（原站入口）。

People's behavior, unlike that of many design components, varies with the situation. This（ 66 ）makes systems thinking and systems engineering important when designing for people. Interconnection is one aspect of systems thinking.

Hospitals and manufacturing plants contain many（ 67 ）elements: changing one element effects the others. An attempt to upgrade coal mining with sophisticated technology failed because it ignored the human side of the operation.

This（ 68 ）led to joint optimization of people and technology. Making technology alone perform better does not necessarily（ 69 ）the whole system's performance; it must work with people. Connections also matter when studying mishaps, since most have no single cause. In design, the（ 70 ）mean balancing competing objectives and conflicting guidelines.

Answer blank（ 67 ）.

• A.

  sub

• B.

  interconnected

• C.

  inside

• D.

  inner

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选B，interconnected表示“相互联系的”。医院和制造厂的一项变化会影响其他部分，因此空格描述元素之间的联系；inside、inner只强调内外位置，不能表达这种关系。

补充与纠错

材料中的“changing one element effects the others”保留了原文effects；此处表达“影响”通常应写affects。五个空在题干中全部保留，其他小问的正确词不回填。

2024-11-student Q068

来源：第 68 题（原站入口）。

People's behavior, unlike that of many design components, varies with the situation. This（ 66 ）makes systems thinking and systems engineering important when designing for people. Interconnection is one aspect of systems thinking.

Hospitals and manufacturing plants contain many（ 67 ）elements: changing one element effects the others. An attempt to upgrade coal mining with sophisticated technology failed because it ignored the human side of the operation.

This（ 68 ）led to joint optimization of people and technology. Making technology alone perform better does not necessarily（ 69 ）the whole system's performance; it must work with people. Connections also matter when studying mishaps, since most have no single cause. In design, the（ 70 ）mean balancing competing objectives and conflicting guidelines.

Answer blank（ 68 ）.

• A.

  improvement

• B.

  operation

• C.

  introduction

• D.

  failure

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选D，failure表示“失败”。This回指采煤技术改进因忽略人的因素而失败的事例，由此引出同时优化人员和技术的做法。不是把一次失败改写成成功的improvement。

补充与纠错

材料中的“changing one element effects the others”保留了原文effects；此处表达“影响”通常应写affects。五个空在题干中全部保留，其他小问的正确词不回填。

2024-11-student Q069

来源：第 69 题（原站入口）。

People's behavior, unlike that of many design components, varies with the situation. This（ 66 ）makes systems thinking and systems engineering important when designing for people. Interconnection is one aspect of systems thinking.

Hospitals and manufacturing plants contain many（ 67 ）elements: changing one element effects the others. An attempt to upgrade coal mining with sophisticated technology failed because it ignored the human side of the operation.

This（ 68 ）led to joint optimization of people and technology. Making technology alone perform better does not necessarily（ 69 ）the whole system's performance; it must work with people. Connections also matter when studying mishaps, since most have no single cause. In design, the（ 70 ）mean balancing competing objectives and conflicting guidelines.

Answer blank（ 69 ）.

• A.

  consider

• B.

  effect

• C.

  introduction

• D.

  improve

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

选D，improve表示“改善”。does not necessarily后接动词原形，句意为“单独改善技术，不一定改善整个系统的表现”。consider意为考虑，effect作动词常表示使某事发生，introduction则是名词，都不如improve符合这里的语义与结构。

补充与纠错

材料中的“changing one element effects the others”保留了原文effects；此处表达“影响”通常应写affects。五个空在题干中全部保留，其他小问的正确词不回填。

2024-11-student Q070

来源：第 70 题（原站入口）。

People's behavior, unlike that of many design components, varies with the situation. This（ 66 ）makes systems thinking and systems engineering important when designing for people. Interconnection is one aspect of systems thinking.

Hospitals and manufacturing plants contain many（ 67 ）elements: changing one element effects the others. An attempt to upgrade coal mining with sophisticated technology failed because it ignored the human side of the operation.

This（ 68 ）led to joint optimization of people and technology. Making technology alone perform better does not necessarily（ 69 ）the whole system's performance; it must work with people. Connections also matter when studying mishaps, since most have no single cause. In design, the（ 70 ）mean balancing competing objectives and conflicting guidelines.

Answer blank（ 70 ）.

• A.

  dependence

• B.

  causes

• C.

  interconnections

• D.

  mishaps

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选C，interconnections表示“相互联系”。系统各部分相互影响，使设计必须权衡竞争目标与冲突准则；它既延续上下文主题，又是与mean搭配的复数主语。dependence为单数，causes和mishaps虽为复数，但不能准确承接此处论点。

补充与纠错

材料中的“changing one element effects the others”保留了原文effects；此处表达“影响”通常应写affects。五个空在题干中全部保留，其他小问的正确词不回填。

2024年上半年软件设计师考试综合知识（专业解析+参考答案）

本节已整理 5 条来源记录；题号沿用来源，答案与解析默认收起。

English passages are study paraphrases, not a verbatim reproduction of the paper.

2024-05 Q071

来源：第 71 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase, not a verbatim exam passage.

A house blueprint gives its (71) design and must also show doors, windows and service connections. Software needs comparable interfaces: between software (72), with external information sources or recipients, and with human users.

People using computer-based information systems can become anxious while learning commands or menus; some then avoid (73) systems. Visual interfaces remove many obstacles, yet we all have (74) user interfaces that are difficult to learn or confusing to use. Their builders did not intend those problems. User interface design concerns the study of people as much as (75) issues.

Answer blank (71).

• A.

  module

• B.

  architectural

• C.

  unit

• D.

  component

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选B。房屋蓝图对应architectural design，即建筑设计；在软件语境也可指体系结构设计。这里需要与蓝图和房屋结构相联系的修饰语。

2024-05 Q072

来源：第 72 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase, not a verbatim exam passage.

A house blueprint gives its (71) design and must also show doors, windows and service connections. Software needs comparable interfaces: between software (72), with external information sources or recipients, and with human users.

People using computer-based information systems can become anxious while learning commands or menus; some then avoid (73) systems. Visual interfaces remove many obstacles, yet we all have (74) user interfaces that are difficult to learn or confusing to use. Their builders did not intend those problems. User interface design concerns the study of people as much as (75) issues.

Answer blank (72).

• A.

  components

• B.

  requirements

• C.

  design

• D.

  implementations

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选A。软件内部接口连接的是组件components；后两类接口再分别连接外部实体和用户，三类对象形成并列。

2024-05 Q073

来源：第 73 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase, not a verbatim exam passage.

A house blueprint gives its (71) design and must also show doors, windows and service connections. Software needs comparable interfaces: between software (72), with external information sources or recipients, and with human users.

People using computer-based information systems can become anxious while learning commands or menus; some then avoid (73) systems. Visual interfaces remove many obstacles, yet we all have (74) user interfaces that are difficult to learn or confusing to use. Their builders did not intend those problems. User interface design concerns the study of people as much as (75) issues.

Answer blank (73).

• A.

  command

• B.

  menu selection

• C.

  computerized

• D.

  automatic

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选C。前文讨论使用计算机信息系统时的焦虑，后句回指这类系统，computerized systems最贴切。command与menu selection只涉及交互方式，并不概括全文的系统类别。

2024-05 Q074

来源：第 74 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase, not a verbatim exam passage.

A house blueprint gives its (71) design and must also show doors, windows and service connections. Software needs comparable interfaces: between software (72), with external information sources or recipients, and with human users.

People using computer-based information systems can become anxious while learning commands or menus; some then avoid (73) systems. Visual interfaces remove many obstacles, yet we all have (74) user interfaces that are difficult to learn or confusing to use. Their builders did not intend those problems. User interface design concerns the study of people as much as (75) issues.

Answer blank (74).

• A.

  frustrated

• B.

  created

• C.

  avoided

• D.

  encountered

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

平台答案A有误。这里是have加过去分词构成的现在完成时，user interfaces是后面动词的宾语；D encountered表示“遇到过难用的界面”，与上下文最符合。A frustrated作及物动词会变成“我们使界面沮丧/受挫”，并非描述用户感受；将其解释成修饰用户的形容词也不符合原句位置。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：该处确为“we all have（74）user interfaces”，没有漏词；A frustrated、B created、C avoided、D encountered及平台A均已核实。保留原选项和平台A，按现有完整句法及上下文应选D；摘要仍保留五个空，不回填答案。

2024-05 Q075

来源：第 75 题（原站入口）。

Study paraphrase, not a verbatim exam passage.

A house blueprint gives its (71) design and must also show doors, windows and service connections. Software needs comparable interfaces: between software (72), with external information sources or recipients, and with human users.

People using computer-based information systems can become anxious while learning commands or menus; some then avoid (73) systems. Visual interfaces remove many obstacles, yet we all have (74) user interfaces that are difficult to learn or confusing to use. Their builders did not intend those problems. User interface design concerns the study of people as much as (75) issues.

Answer blank (75).

• A.

  analysis

• B.

  technology

• C.

  development

• D.

  design

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

平台答案D，但B technology更符合末句的对照：界面设计既要研究人的行为，也要处理技术问题。D design与issues搭配在语法上可以成立，却不能仅因段落讨论界面设计就断定它是唯一答案。保留平台D，并说明其排他依据不足。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：末句确以对人的研究和（75）issues作比较，原选项为A analysis、B technology、C development、D design，平台答案为D。上述语意疑义属于原页内容，原句未缺词，选项顺序也未错位；不据平台答案改写题干。

2023年下半年软件设计师考试基础知识（专业解析+参考答案）

本节已整理 5 条来源记录；题号沿用来源，答案与解析默认收起。

English passages are study paraphrases, not a verbatim reproduction of the paper.

2023-11 Q071

来源：第 71 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (71); all five blanks remain open.

After ChatGPT became publicly available in 2022, software developers began considering its effects on their work. Generative AI can (71) n bridging gaps and accelerating the implementation of solutions. By producing code for routine work, it reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding. Engineers can generate code (73), including CRUD operations and HTML templates, saving development time and leaving them free to focus on other essential (74) of the project.

AI already offers code examples and may later address architecture and design-pattern questions. Even so, it remains (75) to imagine one AI taking over a development team's accumulated knowledge, new ideas, and decisions. Teams still shape customer experiences and productive workflows.

• A.

  instead

• B.

  sub stitute

• C.

  assist

• D.

  replace

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

平台答案为C（assist，帮助）。若空后本意为in，assist in doing构成常见搭配；instead是副词，replace和substitute的通常句型也不符合这一位置。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：空71后确为n而非in，B确为“sub stitute”，正文无其他限定。这些原写法全部保留；只有把n视作漏写i的笔误、按assist in的命题意图理解时，C才构成通常搭配，不能声称原句本身语法完整。

2023-11 Q072

来源：第 72 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (72); all five blanks remain open.

After ChatGPT became publicly available in 2022, software developers began considering its effects on their work. Generative AI can (71) n bridging gaps and accelerating the implementation of solutions. By producing code for routine work, it reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding. Engineers can generate code (73), including CRUD operations and HTML templates, saving development time and leaving them free to focus on other essential (74) of the project.

AI already offers code examples and may later address architecture and design-pattern questions. Even so, it remains (75) to imagine one AI taking over a development team's accumulated knowledge, new ideas, and decisions. Teams still shape customer experiences and productive workflows.

• A.

  necessity

• B.

  expectation

• C.

  importance

• D.

  work

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

平台答案保留D（work，工作）。不过局部结构是“reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding”；按通常搭配和上下文，A的necessity for（对……的必要性）更自然，表示降低大量手写代码的必要。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：原句确为“reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding”，平台确选D（work），无补充限定。work for并不自然表达“手写代码的工作量”，若表达此义通常应采用work involved in等结构；A的necessity for与现有语境更自然。不能仅凭译文“减少工作”确认D唯一正确，来源D保留，并明确这一搭配疑义。

2023-11 Q073

来源：第 73 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (73); all five blanks remain open.

After ChatGPT became publicly available in 2022, software developers began considering its effects on their work. Generative AI can (71) n bridging gaps and accelerating the implementation of solutions. By producing code for routine work, it reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding. Engineers can generate code (73), including CRUD operations and HTML templates, saving development time and leaving them free to focus on other essential (74) of the project.

AI already offers code examples and may later address architecture and design-pattern questions. Even so, it remains (75) to imagine one AI taking over a development team's accumulated knowledge, new ideas, and decisions. Teams still shape customer experiences and productive workflows.

• A.

  semi-automatically

• B.

  automatically

• C.

  manually

• D.

  intelligently

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

平台选A（semi-automatically，半自动地），可理解为AI生成部分代码、人仍参与审查和整合。此处需要说明代码生成方式的副词；manually表示手工地，不符合减少重复手写工作的主旨。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：此处确为“generate codes (73) Whether...”，平台A（semi-automatically），没有人的介入比例等限定。automatically和intelligently在语法上也可修饰generate；A符合一种人机协作解释，但现有材料不能严格推出唯一的“半自动”。

2023-11 Q074

来源：第 74 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (74); all five blanks remain open.

After ChatGPT became publicly available in 2022, software developers began considering its effects on their work. Generative AI can (71) n bridging gaps and accelerating the implementation of solutions. By producing code for routine work, it reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding. Engineers can generate code (73), including CRUD operations and HTML templates, saving development time and leaving them free to focus on other essential (74) of the project.

AI already offers code examples and may later address architecture and design-pattern questions. Even so, it remains (75) to imagine one AI taking over a development team's accumulated knowledge, new ideas, and decisions. Teams still shape customer experiences and productive workflows.

• A.

  aspects

• B.

  functions

• C.

  features

• D.

  requirement

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

平台答案为B（functions，功能）。该位置是“other essential (74) of the project”，需要名词；D的单数requirement与这一通常结构不合。

补充与纠错

原页已核实：此处确为“other essential (74) of the project”，平台B（functions），无额外限定。A的aspects（方面）与C的features（特性）也能构成自然且符合上下文的表达；B可以解释，但无法据原句排除A、C。原文空位保持，不用中文题干预先补出“功能”。

2023-11 Q075

来源：第 75 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (75); all five blanks remain open.

After ChatGPT became publicly available in 2022, software developers began considering its effects on their work. Generative AI can (71) n bridging gaps and accelerating the implementation of solutions. By producing code for routine work, it reduces the (72) for extensive manual coding. Engineers can generate code (73), including CRUD operations and HTML templates, saving development time and leaving them free to focus on other essential (74) of the project.

AI already offers code examples and may later address architecture and design-pattern questions. Even so, it remains (75) to imagine one AI taking over a development team's accumulated knowledge, new ideas, and decisions. Teams still shape customer experiences and productive workflows.

• A.

  inspinng

• B.

  opportunity

• C.

  demanding

• D.

  challenging

答案与解析

平台答案：D。

整理解析

平台选D（challenging，有挑战性的）。前文肯定AI的帮助，后文却强调团队知识、创新与决策仍不可替代，因此“设想单一AI全面取代团队仍很困难”符合转折。remains后可接形容词，B的opportunity为名词，不合此处通常结构。

补充与纠错

原选项A为inspinng，保留来源拼写。C的demanding也有要求高、费力之意，并非语法错误；D与此处难以设想的语义更直接契合。

2023年上半年软件设计师考试基础知识（专业解析+参考答案）

本节已整理 5 条来源记录；题号沿用来源，答案与解析默认收起。

English passages are study paraphrases, not a verbatim reproduction of the paper.

2023-05 Q071

来源：第 71 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (71); keep all five blanks open.

Low-code and no-code offer alternatives to conventional programming. Low-code, a rapid application development (RAD) approach, produces code from (71) building blocks such as drag-and-drop controls and pull-down menus. This (72) lets users focus on what makes an application distinctive instead of routine programming. Users may extend generated code with scripts or handwritten code. In contrast, no-code takes a completely (73) approach, relying 100% on graphical tools.

A low-code application platform (LCAP), also called a low-code development platform (LCDP), provides an integrated development environment (IDE) with (74) features, including APIs, code templates, reusable plug-in modules and graphical connectors. These tools cover a substantial part of creating an application and often run as cloud Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings. Through process modeling, users specify workflows, business rules and interfaces; the platform converts the workflow into code. Professional developers then spend less effort on generic coding and can focus on the last mile of (75).

• A.

  visual

• B.

  component-based

• C.

  object-oriented

• D.

  structural

答案与解析

平台答案：A。

整理解析

选A（visual，可视化的）。拖放控件和下拉菜单是图形化交互构件，此处形容词应概括这种操作方式；component-based强调组件组织，object-oriented强调对象建模，structural只笼统表示结构性的。

2023-05 Q072

来源：第 72 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (72); keep all five blanks open.

Low-code and no-code offer alternatives to conventional programming. Low-code, a rapid application development (RAD) approach, produces code from (71) building blocks such as drag-and-drop controls and pull-down menus. This (72) lets users focus on what makes an application distinctive instead of routine programming. Users may extend generated code with scripts or handwritten code. In contrast, no-code takes a completely (73) approach, relying 100% on graphical tools.

A low-code application platform (LCAP), also called a low-code development platform (LCDP), provides an integrated development environment (IDE) with (74) features, including APIs, code templates, reusable plug-in modules and graphical connectors. These tools cover a substantial part of creating an application and often run as cloud Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings. Through process modeling, users specify workflows, business rules and interfaces; the platform converts the workflow into code. Professional developers then spend less effort on generic coding and can focus on the last mile of (75).

• A.

  block

• B.

  automation

• C.

  function

• D.

  method

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选B（automation，自动化）。This回指前一句由图形化操作自动生成代码的过程；这种自动化让使用者把精力投入应用的差异化需求，而非重复编程。

2023-05 Q073

来源：第 73 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (73); keep all five blanks open.

Low-code and no-code offer alternatives to conventional programming. Low-code, a rapid application development (RAD) approach, produces code from (71) building blocks such as drag-and-drop controls and pull-down menus. This (72) lets users focus on what makes an application distinctive instead of routine programming. Users may extend generated code with scripts or handwritten code. In contrast, no-code takes a completely (73) approach, relying 100% on graphical tools.

A low-code application platform (LCAP), also called a low-code development platform (LCDP), provides an integrated development environment (IDE) with (74) features, including APIs, code templates, reusable plug-in modules and graphical connectors. These tools cover a substantial part of creating an application and often run as cloud Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings. Through process modeling, users specify workflows, business rules and interfaces; the platform converts the workflow into code. Professional developers then spend less effort on generic coding and can focus on the last mile of (75).

• A.

  modern

• B.

  hands-off

• C.

  generic

• D.

  labor-free

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选B（hands-off，较少直接介入的）。材料把low-code仍需手写部分代码，与no-code依赖图形化工具作对比，因此hands-off最贴合这种开发者对源码的介入程度。

补充与纠错

语义范围：这里的hands-off针对手写代码环节，并非完全不需人工劳动；使用者仍需配置业务、建模、测试和验证。不能把no-code理解为不需人参与，labor-free的说法也过于绝对。

2023-05 Q074

来源：第 74 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (74); keep all five blanks open.

Low-code and no-code offer alternatives to conventional programming. Low-code, a rapid application development (RAD) approach, produces code from (71) building blocks such as drag-and-drop controls and pull-down menus. This (72) lets users focus on what makes an application distinctive instead of routine programming. Users may extend generated code with scripts or handwritten code. In contrast, no-code takes a completely (73) approach, relying 100% on graphical tools.

A low-code application platform (LCAP), also called a low-code development platform (LCDP), provides an integrated development environment (IDE) with (74) features, including APIs, code templates, reusable plug-in modules and graphical connectors. These tools cover a substantial part of creating an application and often run as cloud Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings. Through process modeling, users specify workflows, business rules and interfaces; the platform converts the workflow into code. Professional developers then spend less effort on generic coding and can focus on the last mile of (75).

• A.

  reusable

• B.

  built-in

• C.

  existed

• D.

  well-known

答案与解析

平台答案：B。

整理解析

选B（built-in，内置的）。句子在列举平台的集成开发环境自带的能力，APIs、模板、插件模块和图形连接器都作为该平台所提供的功能来描述。existed是原选项拼写，不能静默改成existing。

2023-05 Q075

来源：第 75 题（原站入口）。

Review paraphrase; not a verbatim exam passage. Answer blank (75); keep all five blanks open.

Low-code and no-code offer alternatives to conventional programming. Low-code, a rapid application development (RAD) approach, produces code from (71) building blocks such as drag-and-drop controls and pull-down menus. This (72) lets users focus on what makes an application distinctive instead of routine programming. Users may extend generated code with scripts or handwritten code. In contrast, no-code takes a completely (73) approach, relying 100% on graphical tools.

A low-code application platform (LCAP), also called a low-code development platform (LCDP), provides an integrated development environment (IDE) with (74) features, including APIs, code templates, reusable plug-in modules and graphical connectors. These tools cover a substantial part of creating an application and often run as cloud Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings. Through process modeling, users specify workflows, business rules and interfaces; the platform converts the workflow into code. Professional developers then spend less effort on generic coding and can focus on the last mile of (75).

• A.

  delivery

• B.

  automation

• C.

  development

• D.

  success

答案与解析

平台答案：C。

整理解析

选C（development，开发）。全文讨论把通用编码交给平台后，专业开发人员能把精力用于应用开发的最后一段定制工作；last mile在这里是项目剩余关键工作的比喻。

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